Genus Thiothrix
Warning: In the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature, an arrow (→) only indicates the sequence of valid publication of names and does not mean that the last name in the sequence must be used (see: Introduction).
Number of species, including synonyms, cited in this file: 9
Number of subspecies, including synonyms, cited in this file: 0
Classification (Warning: see also the file "Classification of prokaryotes: Introduction").
For a detailed description of this taxon see Bergey’s Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria (BMSAB).
Thiothrix Winogradsky 1888, genus. (Type genus of the order ¤ Thiotrichales Garrity et al. 2005; type genus of the family ¤ Thiotrichaceae Garrity et al. 2005).
Type species: ¤ Thiothrix nivea (Rabenhorst 1865) Winogradsky 1888 (Approved Lists 1980).
Etymology: Gr. n. theion (Latin transliteration thium), sulfur; Gr. fem. n. thrix, hair; N.L. fem. n. Thiothrix, sulfur hair.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: WINOGRADSKY (S.): Beiträge zur Morphologie und Physiologie der Bacterien. Heft I. Zur Morphologie und Physiologie der Schwefelbacterien. Arthur Felix, Leipzig, 1888, pp. 1-120.
→ Thiothrix Winogradsky 1888 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Howarth et al. 1999.
Reference: HOWARTH (R.), UNZ (R.F.), SEVIOUR (E.M.), SEVIOUR (R.J.), BLACKALL (L.L.), PICKUP (R.W.), JONES (J.G.), YAGUCHI (J.) and HEAD (I.M.): Phylogenetic relationships of filamentous sulfur bacteria (Thiothrix spp. and Eikelboom type 021N bacteria) isolated from wastewater-treatment plants and description of Thiothrix eikelboomii sp. nov., Thiothrix unzii sp. nov., Thiothrix fructosivorans sp. nov. and Thiothrix defluvii sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1999, 49, 1817-1827.
Original article in IJSEM Online
→ Thiothrix Winogradsky 1888 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Aruga et al. 2002.
Reference: ARUGA (S.), KAMAGATA (Y.), KOHNO (T.), HANADA (S.), NAKAMURA (K.) and KANAGAWA (T.): Characterization of filamentous Eikelboom type 021N bacteria and description of Thiothrix disciformis sp. nov. and Thiothrix flexilis sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2002, 52, 1309-1316.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Thiothrix caldifontis Chernousova et al. 2009, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) G1 = DSM 21228 = VKM B-2520.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: EU642573.
Etymology: L. adj. caldus, hot; L. n. fons fontis, a spring; N.L. gen. n. caldifontis, of/from a hot spring, pertaining to the source of isolation of the first strains.
Valid publication: CHERNOUSOVA (E.), GRIDNEVA (E.), GRABOVICH (M.), DUBININA (G.), AKIMOV (V.), ROSSETTI (S.) and KUEVER (J.): Thiothrix caldifontis sp. nov. and Thiothrix lacustris sp. nov., gammaproteobacteria isolated from sulfide springs. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2009, 59, 3128-3135.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Thiothrix defluvii Howarth et al. 1999, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) Ben57.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AF127020.
Etymology: L. gen. n. defluvii, of sewage.
Valid publication: HOWARTH (R.), UNZ (R.F.), SEVIOUR (E.M.), SEVIOUR (R.J.), BLACKALL (L.L.), PICKUP (R.W.), JONES (J.G.), YAGUCHI (J.) and HEAD (I.M.): Phylogenetic relationships of filamentous sulfur bacteria (Thiothrix spp. and Eikelboom type 021N bacteria) isolated from wastewater-treatment plants and description of Thiothrix eikelboomii sp. nov., Thiothrix unzii sp. nov., Thiothrix fructosivorans sp. nov. and Thiothrix defluvii sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1999, 49, 1817-1827.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Thiothrix disciformis Aruga et al. 2002, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) B3-1 = DSM 14473 = JCM 11364.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB042532.
Etymology: L. n. discus, a disc; L. adj. suffix -formis -is -e (from L. n. forma, figure, shape, appearance), -like, in the shape of; N.L. fem. adj. disciformis, disc-shaped, the main cell form.
Valid publication: ARUGA (S.), KAMAGATA (Y.), KOHNO (T.), HANADA (S.), NAKAMURA (K.) and KANAGAWA (T.): Characterization of filamentous Eikelboom type 021N bacteria and description of Thiothrix disciformis sp. nov. and Thiothrix flexilis sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2002, 52, 1309-1316.
Original article in IJSEM Online
→ ¤ Thiolinea disciformis (Aruga et al. 2002) Boden and Scott 2018, comb. nov.
Thiothrix eikelboomii Howarth et al. 1999, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) AP3 = ATCC 49788.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB042819.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. eikelboomii, of Eikelboom; named for D.H. Eikelboom, who pioneered morphological identification of filamentous bacteria in wastewater.
Valid publication: HOWARTH (R.), UNZ (R.F.), SEVIOUR (E.M.), SEVIOUR (R.J.), BLACKALL (L.L.), PICKUP (R.W.), JONES (J.G.), YAGUCHI (J.) and HEAD (I.M.): Phylogenetic relationships of filamentous sulfur bacteria (Thiothrix spp. and Eikelboom type 021N bacteria) isolated from wastewater-treatment plants and description of Thiothrix eikelboomii sp. nov., Thiothrix unzii sp. nov., Thiothrix fructosivorans sp. nov. and Thiothrix defluvii sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1999, 49, 1817-1827.
Original article in IJSEM Online
→ Thiothrix eikelboomii Howarth et al. 1999 emend. Aruga et al. 2002.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) AP3 = ATCC 49788.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB042819.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. eikelboomii, of Eikelboom; named for D.H. Eikelboom, who pioneered morphological identification of filamentous bacteria in wastewater.
Reference: ARUGA (S.), KAMAGATA (Y.), KOHNO (T.), HANADA (S.), NAKAMURA (K.) and KANAGAWA (T.): Characterization of filamentous Eikelboom type 021N bacteria and description of Thiothrix disciformis sp. nov. and Thiothrix flexilis sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2002, 52, 1309-1316.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Thiothrix flexilis Aruga et al. 2002, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) EJ2M-B = DSM 14609 = JCM 11135.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB042545.
Etymology: L. fem. adj. flexilis, pliable, flexile.
Valid publication: ARUGA (S.), KAMAGATA (Y.), KOHNO (T.), HANADA (S.), NAKAMURA (K.) and KANAGAWA (T.): Characterization of filamentous Eikelboom type 021N bacteria and description of Thiothrix disciformis sp. nov. and Thiothrix flexilis sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2002, 52, 1309-1316.
Original article in IJSEM Online
→ ¤ Thiofilum flexile (Aruga et al. 2002) Boden and Scott 2018, comb. nov.
Thiothrix fructosivorans Howarth et al. 1999, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) Q = ATCC 49748.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: GU269554.
Etymology: N.L. neut. n. fructosum, fructose; L. part. adj. vorans, devouring, eating; N.L. part. adj. fructosivorans, fructose-eating.
Valid publication: HOWARTH (R.), UNZ (R.F.), SEVIOUR (E.M.), SEVIOUR (R.J.), BLACKALL (L.L.), PICKUP (R.W.), JONES (J.G.), YAGUCHI (J.) and HEAD (I.M.): Phylogenetic relationships of filamentous sulfur bacteria (Thiothrix spp. and Eikelboom type 021N bacteria) isolated from wastewater-treatment plants and description of Thiothrix eikelboomii sp. nov., Thiothrix unzii sp. nov., Thiothrix fructosivorans sp. nov. and Thiothrix defluvii sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1999, 49, 1817-1827.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Thiothrix lacustris Chernousova et al. 2009, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) BL = DSM 21227 = VKM B-2521.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: EU642572.
Etymology: N.L. fem. adj. lacustris, belonging to a lake, referring to the site from where the type strain was isolated.
Valid publication: CHERNOUSOVA (E.), GRIDNEVA (E.), GRABOVICH (M.), DUBININA (G.), AKIMOV (V.), ROSSETTI (S.) and KUEVER (J.): Thiothrix caldifontis sp. nov. and Thiothrix lacustris sp. nov., gammaproteobacteria isolated from sulfide springs. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2009, 59, 3128-3135.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Thiothrix nivea (Rabenhorst 1865) Winogradsky 1888, species. (Type species of the genus.)
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) no culture isolated.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not available.
Synonym: "Beggiatoa nivea" Rabenhorst 1865.
Etymology: L. fem. adj. nivea, snow-white.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 RABENHORST (L.): Flora Europaea Algarum aquae dulcis et submarinae, E. Kummer (ed.), Leipzig, Section II, 1865, pp. 1-319. 2 WINOGRADSKY (S.): Beiträge zur Morphologie und Physiologie der Bacterien. Heft I. Zur Morphologie und Physiologie der Schwefelbacterien. Arthur Felix, Leipzig, 1888, pp. 1-120.
→ Thiothrix nivea (Rabenhorst 1865) Winogradsky 1888 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Larkin and Shinabarger 1983.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) JP2 = ATCC 35100= DSM 5205.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: L40993.
Synonym: "Beggiatoa nivea" Rabenhorst 1865.
Etymology: L. fem. adj. nivea, snow-white.
Reference: LARKIN (J.M.) and SHINABARGER (D.L.): Characterization of Thiothrix nivea. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1983, 33, 841-846.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Notes:
1 Larkin and Shinabarger 1983 propose a neotype strain in accordance with Rule 18f.
2 In the abstract of the paper by Larkin and Shinabarger 1983, the type strain is erroneously cited as designated as ATCC 31500.
Reference: LARKIN (J.M.) and SHINABARGER (D.L.): Characterization of Thiothrix nivea. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1983, 33, 841-846.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Thiothrix unzii Howarth et al. 1999, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) A1 = ATCC 49747.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: L79961.
Etymology: N.L. gen. masc. n. unzii, of Unz; named for R.F. Unz.
Valid publication: HOWARTH (R.), UNZ (R.F.), SEVIOUR (E.M.), SEVIOUR (R.J.), BLACKALL (L.L.), PICKUP (R.W.), JONES (J.G.), YAGUCHI (J.) and HEAD (I.M.): Phylogenetic relationships of filamentous sulfur bacteria (Thiothrix spp. and Eikelboom type 021N bacteria) isolated from wastewater-treatment plants and description of Thiothrix eikelboomii sp. nov., Thiothrix unzii sp. nov., Thiothrix fructosivorans sp. nov. and Thiothrix defluvii sp. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1999, 49, 1817-1827.
Original article in IJSEM Online