Name: Actinomycetes Krassilnikov 1949 (Approved Lists 1980)

Category: Class

Proposed as: class. nov.

Etymology: N.L. masc. n. Actinomyces, type genus of the type order of the class; N.L. masc. pl. n. Actinomycetes, the Actinomycetales class (nominative plural of Actinomyces)

Gender: masculine

Type genus: Actinomyces Harz 1877 (Approved Lists 1980)

Effective publication: Krassilnikov NA. Opredelitelv Bakterii i Actinomicetov. Akademii Nauk SSSR, Moscow, 1949.

IJSEM list: Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    Arabobacteria Cavalier-Smith 2002	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP, rejected name
    Arthrobacteria Cavalier-Smith 2002	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP, rejected name
    Actinomycetia Salam et al. 2020	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP, illegitimate name
    Actinobacteria Stackebrandt et al. 1997	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP, illegitimate name

• Notes:
  • 🧒 Arahal et al. (2022) assigned the order Streptomycetales Cavalier-Smith 2002 to this class. Publication: Arahal et al. Judicial Opinion No. 122. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72:5481.
  • 🧒 Goodfellow and Williams (1983) assigned the uncategorized "Maduromycetes" Goodfellow and Williams 1983 to this class. Publication: Goodfellow M, Williams ST. Ecology of actinomycetes. Annu Rev Microbiol 1983; 37:189-216.
  • 🧒 Goodfellow and Williams (1983) assigned the uncategorized "Actinoplanetes" Goodfellow and Williams 1983 to this class. Publication: Goodfellow M, Williams ST. Ecology of actinomycetes. Annu Rev Microbiol 1983; 37:189-216.
  • 🧒 Goodfellow and Williams (1983) assigned the uncategorized "Actinobacteria" Goodfellow and Williams 1983 to this class. Publication: Goodfellow M, Williams ST. Ecology of actinomycetes. Annu Rev Microbiol 1983; 37:189-216.
  • 🧒 Goodfellow and Williams (1983) assigned the uncategorized "Micropolysporas" Goodfellow and Williams 1983 to this class. Publication: Goodfellow M, Williams ST. Ecology of actinomycetes. Annu Rev Microbiol 1983; 37:189-216.
  • 🧒 Goodfellow and Williams (1983) assigned the uncategorized "Multilocular" Goodfellow and Williams 1983 to this class. Publication: Goodfellow M, Williams ST. Ecology of actinomycetes. Annu Rev Microbiol 1983; 37:189-216.
  • 🧒 Goodfellow and Williams (1983) assigned the uncategorized "Nocardioform" Goodfellow and Williams 1983 to this class. Publication: Goodfellow M, Williams ST. Ecology of actinomycetes. Annu Rev Microbiol 1983; 37:189-216.
  • 🧒 Goodfellow and Williams (1983) assigned the uncategorized "Streptomycetes" Goodfellow and Williams 1983 to this class. Publication: Goodfellow M, Williams ST. Ecology of actinomycetes. Annu Rev Microbiol 1983; 37:189-216.
  • 🧒 Goodfellow and Williams (1983) assigned the uncategorized "Thermomonosporas" Goodfellow and Williams 1983 to this class. Publication: Goodfellow M, Williams ST. Ecology of actinomycetes. Annu Rev Microbiol 1983; 37:189-216.
  • 🚃 The type genus of this class has alternatively been placed in the class Arthrobacteria Cavalier-Smith 2002. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T. The neomuran origin of archaebacteria, the negibacterial root of the universal tree and bacterial megaclassification. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2002; 52:7-76.
  • 🙄 This taxon name is occasionally misprinted (or affected by an OCR error) in some sources as: "Acinomycetes"; "Aclinomycetes"; "Acrinomycete"; "Acrinomycetes"; "Actillomycetes"; "Actimmycetes"; "Actinamycetes"; "Actinimycetes"; "Actinomvicetes"; "Actinomycetalis"; "Actinomycetea"; "Actinomycetos"; "Actinomyetes"; "Actinomyicetes"; "Actinomyoetes"; "Actinomyretes"; "Actinomytcetes"; "Actinongcetes"; "Actinoniycetes"; "Actinonrycetes"; "Actinoycetes"; "Actionmycetes"; "Actiuomycetes"; "Actmomycetes"; "Actynomicetes"; "Antinomycetes"; "Atinomycete"; "Ctinomycetes"; "Linomycetes"; "Rctinomycetes". — 🤨 This taxon name is occasionally used in singular form as: "Actinomycete".
  • 🎰 The BRCs most frequently used for deposits in this group are: DSM: 4969; JCM: 4090; NBRC: 2715; ATCC: 2242; NRRL: 2134; IFO: 1733; KCTC: 1396; VKM: 1153; CGMCC: 1106; CIP: 1050.
  • 🧍 According to Tindall (2014) the type order is Actinomycetales Buchanan 1917. Publication: Tindall BJ. Names at the rank of class, subclass and order, their typification and current status: Supplementary information to Opinion 79. Judicial Commission of the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2014; 64:3599-3602.
  • 🧍 Nomenclatural type changed from Actinomycetales Buchanan 1917 (Approved Lists 1980) based on new Rule 22. Publication: Oren A. Emendation of Rules 8, 15, 22, 25a, 30(3)(b), 30(4), 34a, and Appendix 7 of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73:6070.
  • 🧍 See also Kuester (1959). Publication: Küster E. Outline of a Comparative Study of Criteria Used in Characterization of the Actinomycetes. International Bulletin of Bacteriological Nomenclature and Taxonomy 1959; 9:97-104.
  • 🧍 This name was mentioned in a Request for an Opinion. Publication: Oren A, Parte A, Garrity GM. Implementation of Rule 8 of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes for the renaming of classes. Request for an Opinion. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:4296-4298.
  • 🧍 This name was mentioned in a Request for an Opinion. Rule 8 of the 2022 revision of the ICNP does not require that the name of a class validly published before 1 January 2012 be formed from the stem of the name of the type genus of the type order of the class plus the ending ia. This class name is orthographically correct (nominative plural of a 3rd declension masculine noun). Publication: Goker M. Solving the remaining problems with names of classes. Request for an Opinion. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72:5605.
  • 🧍 Rule 22 indicates that the type of a taxon higher than order may be later designated by an Opinion of the Judicial Commission. — 🧍 The class Actinomycetes was originally proposed without the designation of a nomenclatural type, thus contravening Rules 15, 22 and 27(3). Publication: Euzeby JP, Tindall BJ. Nomenclatural type of orders: corrections necessary according to Rules 15 and 21a of the Bacteriological Code (1990 Revision), and designation of appropriate nomenclatural types of classes and subclasses. Request for an opinion. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2001; 51:725-727.

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 21
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 39
Total number of child taxa: 41

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    Acidothermales Sen et al. 2014	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Actinocatenisporales Salam et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Actinomycetales Buchanan 1917 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Actinoplanales Cavalier-Smith 2002	validly published under the ICNP, rejected name	synonym
    Actinopolysporales Goodfellow and Trujillo 2015	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Antricoccales Salam et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Aquipuribacterales Salam et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Beutenbergiales Salam et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Bifidobacteriales Stackebrandt et al. 1997	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Bogoriellales Salam et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Brevibacteriales Salam et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Catenulisporales Donadio et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Cellulomonadales Salam et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Corynebacteriales Goodfellow and Jones 2015	validly published under the ICNP, illegitimate name	synonym
    Cryptosporangiales Nouioui et al. 2018	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Demequinales Salam et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Dermabacterales Salam et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Dermatophilales Salam et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Frankiales Sen et al. 2014	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Geodermatophilales Sen et al. 2014	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Glycomycetales Labeda 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Jatrophihabitantales Salam et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Jiangellales Tang et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Kineosporiales Kämpfer 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Kitasatosporales Kämpfer 2022	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Microbacteriales Salam et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Micrococcales Prévot 1940 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Micromonosporales Genilloud 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Motilibacterales Salam et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Motilibacterales" Feng et al. 2020	not validly published	synonym (and no standing)
    Mycobacteriales Janke 1924 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Mycobacteriales Cavalier-Smith 2002	validly published under the ICNP, illegitimate name	synonym
    Nakamurellales Sen et al. 2014	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Phytomonosporales Salam et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Propionibacteriales (Rainey et al. 1997) Patrick and McDowell 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Pseudonocardiales Labeda and Goodfellow 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Ruaniales Salam et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Sporichthyales Nouioui et al. 2018	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Streptomycetales" (Rainey et al. 1997) Kämpfer 2012	not validly published	synonym (and no standing)
    Streptomycetales Cavalier-Smith 2002	validly published under the ICNP, rejected name	synonym
    Streptosporangiales Goodfellow 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name

Parent taxon: Actinomycetota Goodfellow 2021

Assigned by: Arahal et al. Judicial Opinion No. 122. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72:5481.

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Record number: 3