Name: Micrococcales Prévot 1940 (Approved Lists 1980)

Category: Order

Proposed as: ord. nov.

Etymology: Mi.cro.coc.ca’les. N.L. masc. n. Micrococcus, type genus of the order; L. fem. pl. n. suff. -ales, ending to denote an order; N.L. fem. pl. n. Micrococcales, the Micrococcus order

Pronunciation (Latin), gender: mi-kro-kok-KA-les, feminine

Type genus: Micrococcus Cohn 1872 (Approved Lists 1980)

Effective publication: Prévot AR. Manuel de classification et de determination des bacteries anaerobies. 1st ed. Masson, Paris, 1940.

IJSEM list: Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    Allobogoriellales Deshmukh and Oren 2025	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Dermatophilales Salam et al. 2020	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Microbacteriales Salam et al. 2020	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Demequinales Salam et al. 2020	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Aquipuribacterales Salam et al. 2020	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Dermabacterales Salam et al. 2020	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Bogoriellales Salam et al. 2020	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP, illegitimate name
    Ruaniales Salam et al. 2020	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Cellulomonadales Salam et al. 2020	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Brevibacteriales Salam et al. 2020	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Beutenbergiales Salam et al. 2020	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP

• Emendations:
  • Nouioui et al. 2018 Nouioui I, Carro L, Garcia-Lopez M, Meier-Kolthoff JP, Woyke T, Kyrpides NC, Pukall R, Klenk HP, Goodfellow M, Goker M. Genome-Based Taxonomic Classification of the Phylum Actinobacteria. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2007. 🇩🇪 Oren A, Garrity GM. List of changes in taxonomic opinion no. 29. Notification of changes in taxonomic opinion previously published outside the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:13-32.
    Notes:
    • ⊕ Emendation accompanied by the inclusion of 19 families in the order.
  • Salam et al. 2020 Salam N, Jiao JY, Zhang XT, Li WJ. Update on the classification of higher ranks in the phylum Actinobacteria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:1331-1355. 🇨🇳 Oren A, Garrity GM. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 70, part 2 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:2967-2971.
    Notes:
    • ⊕ Emendation accompanied by the inclusion of 1 family in the order.
    • ⊖ Emendation accompanied by the removal of 16 families from the order.
    • 🧍 Referring to Nouioui et al. (2018), Salam et al. (2020) state that "In a more recent publication, more than 100 actinobacterial species were reclassified along with the proposals of 15 new genera, eight new families and two new orders using a genome-based phylogeny, besides rank reduction or elevation of few member strains [14]. Since the reclassification was restricted to species with genome sequences, species whose genomes are neither sequenced nor available in the public database were not incorporated in the taxonomic assessment." This statement misrepresents the study by Nouioui et al. (2018), as Nouioui et al. (2018) conducted comprehensive 16S rRNA gene analyses in addition to analyses of genome-sequenced taxa and used the results from these 16S rRNA gene analyses in their taxonomic assessments.

• Notes:
  • 🧕 Nouioui et al. (2018) assigned this order to the class Actinobacteria Stackebrandt et al. 1997. Publication: Nouioui I, Carro L, Garcia-Lopez M, Meier-Kolthoff JP, Woyke T, Kyrpides NC, Pukall R, Klenk HP, Goodfellow M, Goker M. Genome-Based Taxonomic Classification of the Phylum Actinobacteria. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2007. 🇩🇪
  • 🧕 Prevot (1940) assigned this order to the kingdom "Schizomycetes". Publication: Prévot AR. Manuel de Classification et de Détermination des Bactéries Anaérobies, 1st ed. Masson, Paris, 1940.
  • 🧕 Salam et al. (2020) assigned this order to the class Actinomycetia Salam et al. 2020. Publication: Salam N, Jiao JY, Zhang XT, Li WJ. Update on the classification of higher ranks in the phylum Actinobacteria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:1331-1355. 🇨🇳
  • 🧒 Ludwig et al. (2021) assigned the family "Promicromonosporaceaellulomonadaceae" to this order. Publication: Ludwig W, Viver T, Westram R, Francisco Gago J, Bustos-Caparros E, Knittel K, Amann R, Rossello-Mora R. Release LTP_12_2020, featuring a new ARB alignment and improved 16S rRNA tree for prokaryotic type strains. Syst Appl Microbiol 2021; 44:126218. 🇪🇸
  • 🧒 Nouioui et al. (2018) assigned the family Bogoriellaceae Schumann and Stackebrandt 2000 to this order. Publication: Nouioui I, Carro L, Garcia-Lopez M, Meier-Kolthoff JP, Woyke T, Kyrpides NC, Pukall R, Klenk HP, Goodfellow M, Goker M. Genome-Based Taxonomic Classification of the Phylum Actinobacteria. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2007. 🇩🇪
  • 🧒 Nouioui et al. (2018) assigned the family Sanguibacteraceae Stackebrandt and Schumann 2000 to this order. Publication: Nouioui I, Carro L, Garcia-Lopez M, Meier-Kolthoff JP, Woyke T, Kyrpides NC, Pukall R, Klenk HP, Goodfellow M, Goker M. Genome-Based Taxonomic Classification of the Phylum Actinobacteria. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2007. 🇩🇪
  • 🧒 Prevot (1940) assigned the family Neisseriaceae Prévot 1933 (Approved Lists 1980) to this order. Publication: Prévot AR. Manuel de Classification et de Détermination des Bactéries Anaérobies, 1st ed. Masson, Paris, 1940.
  • 🧒 Prevot (1940) assigned the genus Micrococcus Cohn 1872 (Approved Lists 1980) to this order. Publication: Prévot AR. Manuel de Classification et de Détermination des Bactéries Anaérobies, 1st ed. Masson, Paris, 1940.
  • 🧒 Zhi et al. (2009) assigned the family Yaniellaceae Li et al. 2008 to this order. Publication: Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608. 🇨🇳
  • 🙄 This taxon name is occasionally misprinted (or affected by an OCR error) in some sources as: "Micrococciniales".
  • 💁 Taxonomists who have recently focused on this group are the corresponding authors of Ue et al. (2011), Tang et al. (2010). Editors in search of reviewers are advised to consider additional criteria such as whether a taxon is covered by one of the ICSP subcommittees.
  • 🎰 The BRCs most frequently used for deposits in this group are: DSM: 1050; JCM: 879; NBRC: 496; KCTC: 406; LMG: 331; CIP: 294; ATCC: 282; CGMCC: 239; CCUG: 227; IFO: 204.

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 17
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 25
Total number of child taxa: 27

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    Actinotaleaceae Salam et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Allobogoriellaceae Deshmukh and Oren 2025	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Aquipuribacteraceae Salam et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Arsenicicoccaceae Salam et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Beutenbergiaceae Zhi et al. 2009	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Bogoriellaceae Schumann and Stackebrandt 2000	validly published under the ICNP, illegitimate name	synonym
    Brevibacteriaceae Breed 1953 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Cellulomonadaceae Stackebrandt and Prauser 1991	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Demequinaceae Ue et al. 2011	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Dermabacteraceae Stackebrandt et al. 1997	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Dermacoccaceae Schumann and Stackebrandt 2000	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Dermatophilaceae Austwick 1958 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Intrasporangiaceae Rainey et al. 1997	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Jonesiaceae Stackebrandt et al. 1997	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Kytococcaceae Nouioui et al. 2018	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Microbacteriaceae Park et al. 1995	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Micrococcaceae Pribram 1929 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    [Micrococcales, not assigned to family]	artificial parent node of taxa incertae sedis
    Oerskoviaceae Salam et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Ornithinimicrobiaceae Nouioui et al. 2018	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Promicromonosporaceae Rainey et al. 1997	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Rarobacteraceae Stackebrandt and Schumann 2000	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Ruaniaceae Tang et al. 2010	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Sanguibacteraceae Stackebrandt and Schumann 2000	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Tropherymataceae" Nouioui et al. 2018	not validly published	preferred name
    Yaniaceae Li et al. 2005	validly published under the ICNP, illegitimate name	synonym
    Yaniellaceae Li et al. 2008	validly published under the ICNP	synonym

Parent taxon: Actinomycetes Krassilnikov 1949 (Approved Lists 1980)

Assigned by: Arahal et al. Judicial Opinion No. 122. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72:5481.

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Record number: 5022