Name: Actinomycetales Buchanan 1917 (Approved Lists 1980)

Category: Order

Proposed as: ord. nov.

Etymology: N.L. masc. n. Actinomyces, type genus of the order; L. fem. pl. n. suff. -ales, ending to denote an order; N.L. fem. pl. n. Actinomycetales, the Actinomyces order

Gender: feminine

Type genus: Actinomyces Harz 1877 (Approved Lists 1980)

Effective publication: Buchanan RE. Studies in the Nomenclature and Classification of the Bacteria: II. The Primary Subdivisions of the Schizomycetes. J Bacteriol 1917; 2:155-164.

IJSEM list: Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name

• Emendations:
  • Stackebrandt et al. 1997 Stackebrandt E, Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey NL. Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1997; 47:479-491. Anonymous. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 47, part 2 of the IJSB. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1997; 47:917-919.
    Notes:
    • ⊕ Emendation accompanied by the inclusion of 17 child taxa of rank suborder in the order. — ⊕ Emendation accompanied by the inclusion of 1 family in the order.
    • ⊖ Emendation accompanied by the removal of 2 genera from the order. — ⊖ Emendation accompanied by the removal of 4 families from the order.
  • Zhi et al. 2009 Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608. Euzeby JP. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 59, part 3 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:1259-1261.
    Notes:
    • ⊕ Emendation accompanied by the inclusion of 1 family in the order. — ⊕ Emendation accompanied by the inclusion of 21 child taxa of rank suborder in the order.
    • ⊖ Emendation accompanied by the removal of 5 families from the order.
  • Salam et al. 2020 Salam N, Jiao JY, Zhang XT, Li WJ. Update on the classification of higher ranks in the phylum Actinobacteria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:1331-1355. Oren A, Garrity GM. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 70, part 2 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:2967-2971.
    Notes:
    • ⊕ Emendation accompanied by the inclusion of 2 families in the order.
    • ⊖ Emendation accompanied by the removal of 2 child taxa of rank suborder from the order.
    • 🧍 Referring to Nouioui et al. (2018), Salam et al. (2020) state that "In a more recent publication, more than 100 actinobacterial species were reclassified along with the proposals of 15 new genera, eight new families and two new orders using a genome-based phylogeny, besides rank reduction or elevation of few member strains [14]. Since the reclassification was restricted to species with genome sequences, species whose genomes are neither sequenced nor available in the public database were not incorporated in the taxonomic assessment." This statement misrepresents the study by Nouioui et al. (2018), as Nouioui et al. (2018) conducted comprehensive 16S rRNA gene analyses in addition to analyses of genome-sequenced taxa and used the results from these 16S rRNA gene analyses in their taxonomic assessments.

• Notes:
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the class Arthrobacteria Cavalier-Smith 2002. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T. The neomuran origin of archaebacteria, the negibacterial root of the universal tree and bacterial megaclassification. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2002; 52:7-76.
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the class Actinomycetia Salam et al. 2020. Publication: Salam N, Jiao JY, Zhang XT, Li WJ. Update on the classification of higher ranks in the phylum Actinobacteria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:1331-1355.
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the class Actinobacteria Stackebrandt et al. 1997. Publication: Stackebrandt E, Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey NL. Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1997; 47:479-491.
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the phylum "Actinobacteria" (ex Margulis 1974) Cavalier-Smith 2020. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T, Chao EE. Multidomain ribosomal protein trees and the planctobacterial origin of neomura (eukaryotes, archaebacteria). Protoplasma 2020; 257:621-753.
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the phylum "Actinobacteria" Goodfellow 2012. Publication: Goodfellow M. Phylum XXVI. Actinobacteria phyl. nov. In: Goodfellow M, Kämpfer P, H.-J. B, Trujillo ME, Suzuki K, Ludwig W, Whitman WB (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 5, Springer, New York, 2012, p. 33-34.
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the subclass Actinobacteridae Stackebrandt et al. 1997. Publication: Stackebrandt E, Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey NL. Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1997; 47:479-491.
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the subdivision "Actinobacteria" Cavalier-Smith 2002. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T. The neomuran origin of archaebacteria, the negibacterial root of the universal tree and bacterial megaclassification. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2002; 52:7-76.
  • 🧕 Bergey et al. (1923) assigned this order to the class Schizomycetes Nägeli 1857 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Waksman SA. Genus III. Actinomyces Harz,. In: Bergey DH, Harrison FC, Breed RS, Hammer BW, Huntoon FM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 1st ed., The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1923, p. 339-371.
  • 🧕 Boone et al. (2001) assigned this order to the subclass Actinobacteridae Stackebrandt et al. 1997. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • 🧕 Breed et al. (1948) assigned this order to the class Schizomycetes Nägeli 1857 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Burkholder WH. Genus I. Pseudomonas Migula. Bacterial plant pathogens. In: Breed RS, Murray EGD, Hitchens AP (eds), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 6th ed., The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1948, p. 82-150.
  • 🧕 Breed et al. (1957) assigned this order to the class Schizomycetes Nägeli 1857 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Waksman SA. Order V Actinomycetales. In: Breed RS, Murray EGD, Smith NR (eds), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 7th edition, The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1957, p. 778.
  • 🧕 Gibbons and Murray (1978) assigned this order to the division Firmicutes corrig. Gibbons and Murray 1978 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Gibbons NE, Murray RGE. Proposals Concerning the Higher Taxa of Bacteria. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 1978; 28:1-6.
  • 🧕 Nouioui et al. (2018) assigned this order to the class Actinobacteria Stackebrandt et al. 1997. Publication: Nouioui I, Carro L, Garcia-Lopez M, Meier-Kolthoff JP, Woyke T, Kyrpides NC, Pukall R, Klenk HP, Goodfellow M, Goker M. Genome-Based Taxonomic Classification of the Phylum Actinobacteria. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2007.
  • 🧕 Stackebrandt et al. (1997) assigned this order to the subclass Actinobacteridae Stackebrandt et al. 1997. Publication: Stackebrandt E, Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey NL. Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1997; 47:479-491.
  • 🧕 Winslow et al. (1920) assigned this order to the class Schizomycetes Nägeli 1857 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Winslow CE, Broadhurst J, Buchanan RE, Krumwiede C, Rogers LA, Smith GH. The Families and Genera of the Bacteria: Final Report of the Committee of the Society of American Bacteriologists on Characterization and Classification of Bacterial Types. J Bacteriol 1920; 5:191-229.
  • 🧕 Zhi et al. (2009) assigned this order to the subclass Actinobacteridae Stackebrandt et al. 1997. Publication: Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608.
  • 🧒 Bergey et al. (1923) assigned the family Mycobacteriaceae Chester 1897 (Approved Lists 1980) to this order. Publication: Waksman SA. Genus III. Actinomyces Harz,. In: Bergey DH, Harrison FC, Breed RS, Hammer BW, Huntoon FM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 1st ed., The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1923, p. 339-371.
  • 🧒 Boone et al. (2001) assigned the suborder Pseudonocardineae Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • 🧒 Boone et al. (2001) assigned the suborder Streptosporangineae Ward-Rainey et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • 🧒 Boone et al. (2001) assigned the suborder Micrococcineae Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • 🧒 Boone et al. (2001) assigned the suborder Propionibacterineae Rainey et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • 🧒 Boone et al. (2001) assigned the suborder Corynebacterineae Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • 🧒 Boone et al. (2001) assigned the suborder Micromonosporineae Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • 🧒 Boone et al. (2001) assigned the suborder Frankineae Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • 🧒 Boone et al. (2001) assigned the suborder Actinomycetineae corrig. Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • 🧒 Boone et al. (2001) assigned the suborder Glycomycetineae corrig. Rainey et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • 🧒 Boone et al. (2001) assigned the suborder Streptomycetineae corrig. Rainey et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • 🧒 Boone et al. (2001) assigned the suborder Corynebacteriineae corrig. Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • 🧒 Boone et al. (2001) assigned the suborder Frankiineae corrig. Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • 🧒 Boone et al. (2001) assigned the suborder Propionibacteriineae corrig. Rainey et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • 🧒 Boone et al. (2001) assigned the suborder Pseudonocardiineae corrig. Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • 🧒 Boone et al. (2001) assigned the suborder Streptosporangiineae corrig. Ward-Rainey et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • 🧒 Breed et al. (1948) assigned the family Mycobacteriaceae Chester 1897 (Approved Lists 1980) to this order. Publication: Burkholder WH. Genus I. Pseudomonas Migula. Bacterial plant pathogens. In: Breed RS, Murray EGD, Hitchens AP (eds), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 6th ed., The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1948, p. 82-150.
  • 🧒 Breed et al. (1948) assigned the family Streptomycetaceae Waksman and Henrici 1943 (Approved Lists 1980) to this order. Publication: Waksman SA, Henrici AT. Family III. Streptomycetaceae Waksman and Henrici. In: Breed RS, Murray EGD, Hitchens AP (eds), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 6th ed., The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1948, p. 929-980.
  • 🧒 Breed et al. (1957) assigned the family Actinoplanaceae Couch 1955 (Approved Lists 1980) to this order. Publication: Waksman SA. Order V Actinomycetales. In: Breed RS, Murray EGD, Smith NR (eds), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 7th edition, The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1957, p. 778.
  • 🧒 Breed et al. (1957) assigned the family Mycobacteriaceae Chester 1897 (Approved Lists 1980) to this order. Publication: Waksman SA. Order V Actinomycetales. In: Breed RS, Murray EGD, Smith NR (eds), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 7th edition, The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1957, p. 778.
  • 🧒 Breed et al. (1957) assigned the family Streptomycetaceae Waksman and Henrici 1943 (Approved Lists 1980) to this order. Publication: Waksman SA. Order V Actinomycetales. In: Breed RS, Murray EGD, Smith NR (eds), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 7th edition, The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1957, p. 778.
  • 🧒 Breed et al. (1957) assigned the family Actinoplanetaceae corrig. Couch 1955 (Approved Lists 1980) to this order. Publication: Waksman SA. Order V Actinomycetales. In: Breed RS, Murray EGD, Smith NR (eds), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 7th edition, The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1957, p. 778.
  • 🧒 Buchanan (1917) assigned the genus Actinomyces Harz 1877 (Approved Lists 1980) to this order. Publication: Buchanan RE. Studies in the Nomenclature and Classification of the Bacteria: II. The Primary Subdivisions of the Schizomycetes. J Bacteriol 1917; 2:155-164.
  • 🧒 Kästle-Silva et al. (2025) assigned the family Bifidobacteriaceae Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Silva JK, Herve V, Mies US, Platt K, Brune A. A Novel Lineage of Endosymbiotic Actinomycetales: Genome Reduction and Acquisition of New Functions in Bifidobacteriaceae Associated With Termite Gut Flagellates. Environ Microbiol 2025; 27:e70010.
  • 🧒 Koch et al. (1996) assigned the family Micromonosporaceae Krassilnikov 1938 (Approved Lists 1980) to this order. Publication: Koch C, Kroppenstedt RM, Rainey FA, Stackebrandt E. 16S ribosomal DNA analysis of the genera Micromonospora, Actinoplanes, Catellatospora, Catenuloplanes, Couchioplanes, Dactylosporangium, and Pilimelia and emendation of the family Micromonosporaceae. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1996; 46:765-768.
  • 🧒 Prevot (1938) assigned the family "Spherophoraceae" Prevot 1938 to this order. Publication: Prevot AR. Études de systématique bactérienne. Annales de l'Institut Pasteur (Paris) 1938; 60:285-230.
  • 🧒 Prevot (1940) assigned the family "Spherophoraceae" Prevot 1938 to this order. Publication: Prévot AR. Manuel de Classification et de Détermination des Bactéries Anaérobies, 1st ed. Masson, Paris, 1940.
  • 🧒 Runmao et al. (1995) assigned the genus "Asiosporangium" Runmao et al. 1995 to this order. Publication: Runmao HL, Junying L, Lianjun M. A new genus of Actinomycetales: Asiosporangium gen. nov. Actinomycetes 1995; 6:71-74.
  • 🧒 Salam et al. (2020) assigned the family Arcanobacteriaceae Salam et al. 2020 to this order. Publication: Salam N, Jiao JY, Zhang XT, Li WJ. Update on the classification of higher ranks in the phylum Actinobacteria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:1331-1355.
  • 🧒 Stackebrandt et al. (1997) assigned the family Pseudonocardiaceae Embley et al. 1989 to this order. Publication: Stackebrandt E, Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey NL. Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1997; 47:479-491.
  • 🧒 Stackebrandt et al. (1997) assigned the suborder Actinomycineae Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Stackebrandt E, Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey NL. Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1997; 47:479-491.
  • 🧒 Stackebrandt et al. (1997) assigned the suborder Pseudonocardineae Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Stackebrandt E, Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey NL. Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1997; 47:479-491.
  • 🧒 Stackebrandt et al. (1997) assigned the suborder Streptomycineae Rainey et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Stackebrandt E, Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey NL. Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1997; 47:479-491.
  • 🧒 Stackebrandt et al. (1997) assigned the suborder Streptosporangineae Ward-Rainey et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Stackebrandt E, Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey NL. Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1997; 47:479-491.
  • 🧒 Stackebrandt et al. (1997) assigned the suborder Micrococcineae Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Stackebrandt E, Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey NL. Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1997; 47:479-491.
  • 🧒 Stackebrandt et al. (1997) assigned the suborder Propionibacterineae Rainey et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Stackebrandt E, Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey NL. Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1997; 47:479-491.
  • 🧒 Stackebrandt et al. (1997) assigned the suborder Corynebacterineae Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Stackebrandt E, Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey NL. Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1997; 47:479-491.
  • 🧒 Stackebrandt et al. (1997) assigned the suborder Micromonosporineae Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Stackebrandt E, Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey NL. Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1997; 47:479-491.
  • 🧒 Stackebrandt et al. (1997) assigned the suborder Frankineae Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Stackebrandt E, Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey NL. Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1997; 47:479-491.
  • 🧒 Stackebrandt et al. (1997) assigned the suborder Glycomycineae Rainey et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Stackebrandt E, Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey NL. Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1997; 47:479-491.
  • 🧒 Stackebrandt et al. (1997) assigned the suborder Actinomycetineae corrig. Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Stackebrandt E, Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey NL. Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1997; 47:479-491.
  • 🧒 Stackebrandt et al. (1997) assigned the suborder Glycomycetineae corrig. Rainey et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Stackebrandt E, Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey NL. Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1997; 47:479-491.
  • 🧒 Stackebrandt et al. (1997) assigned the suborder Streptomycetineae corrig. Rainey et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Stackebrandt E, Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey NL. Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1997; 47:479-491.
  • 🧒 Stackebrandt et al. (1997) assigned the suborder Frankiineae corrig. Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Stackebrandt E, Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey NL. Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1997; 47:479-491.
  • 🧒 Stackebrandt et al. (1997) assigned the suborder Propionibacteriineae corrig. Rainey et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Stackebrandt E, Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey NL. Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1997; 47:479-491.
  • 🧒 Stackebrandt et al. (1997) assigned the suborder Pseudonocardiineae corrig. Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Stackebrandt E, Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey NL. Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1997; 47:479-491.
  • 🧒 Stackebrandt et al. (1997) assigned the suborder Streptosporangiineae corrig. Ward-Rainey et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Stackebrandt E, Rainey FA, Ward-Rainey NL. Proposal for a new hierarchic classification system, Actinobacteria classis nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1997; 47:479-491.
  • 🧒 Tang et al. (2011) assigned the suborder Jiangellineae Tang et al. 2011 to this order. Publication: Tang SK, Zhi XY, Wang Y, Shi R, Lou K, Xu LH, Li WJ. Haloactinopolyspora alba gen. nov., sp. nov., a halophilic filamentous actinomycete isolated from a salt lake, with proposal of Jiangellaceae fam. nov. and Jiangellineae subord. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2011; 61:194-200.
  • 🧒 Winslow et al. (1920) assigned the family Mycobacteriaceae Chester 1897 (Approved Lists 1980) to this order. Publication: Winslow CE, Broadhurst J, Buchanan RE, Krumwiede C, Rogers LA, Smith GH. The Families and Genera of the Bacteria: Final Report of the Committee of the Society of American Bacteriologists on Characterization and Classification of Bacterial Types. J Bacteriol 1920; 5:191-229.
  • 🧒 Zhi et al. (2009) assigned the family Gordoniaceae Rainey et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608.
  • 🧒 Zhi et al. (2009) assigned the suborder Actinomycineae Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608.
  • 🧒 Zhi et al. (2009) assigned the suborder Pseudonocardineae Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608.
  • 🧒 Zhi et al. (2009) assigned the suborder Streptomycineae Rainey et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608.
  • 🧒 Zhi et al. (2009) assigned the suborder Streptosporangineae Ward-Rainey et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608.
  • 🧒 Zhi et al. (2009) assigned the suborder Micrococcineae Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608.
  • 🧒 Zhi et al. (2009) assigned the suborder Propionibacterineae Rainey et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608.
  • 🧒 Zhi et al. (2009) assigned the suborder Corynebacterineae Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608.
  • 🧒 Zhi et al. (2009) assigned the suborder Micromonosporineae Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608.
  • 🧒 Zhi et al. (2009) assigned the suborder Frankineae Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608.
  • 🧒 Zhi et al. (2009) assigned the suborder Glycomycineae Rainey et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608.
  • 🧒 Zhi et al. (2009) assigned the suborder Catenulisporineae Cavaletti et al. 2006 to this order. Publication: Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608.
  • 🧒 Zhi et al. (2009) assigned the suborder Actinopolysporineae Zhi et al. 2009 to this order. Publication: Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608.
  • 🧒 Zhi et al. (2009) assigned the suborder Kineosporiineae Zhi et al. 2009 to this order. Publication: Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608.
  • 🧒 Zhi et al. (2009) assigned the suborder Actinomycetineae corrig. Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608.
  • 🧒 Zhi et al. (2009) assigned the suborder Glycomycetineae corrig. Rainey et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608.
  • 🧒 Zhi et al. (2009) assigned the suborder Streptomycetineae corrig. Rainey et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608.
  • 🧒 Zhi et al. (2009) assigned the suborder Corynebacteriineae corrig. Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608.
  • 🧒 Zhi et al. (2009) assigned the suborder Frankiineae corrig. Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608.
  • 🧒 Zhi et al. (2009) assigned the suborder Propionibacteriineae corrig. Rainey et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608.
  • 🧒 Zhi et al. (2009) assigned the suborder Pseudonocardiineae corrig. Stackebrandt et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608.
  • 🧒 Zhi et al. (2009) assigned the suborder Streptosporangiineae corrig. Ward-Rainey et al. 1997 to this order. Publication: Zhi XY, Li WJ, Stackebrandt E. An update of the structure and 16S rRNA gene sequence-based definition of higher ranks of the class Actinobacteria, with the proposal of two new suborders and four new families and emended descriptions of the existing higher taxa. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:589-608.
  • 🙄 This taxon name is occasionally misprinted (or affected by an OCR error) in some sources as: "Acfinomycetales"; "Aciinomycetales"; "Acinomycetales"; "Aclinomycelales"; "Aclinomycetales"; "Acrinomycetales"; "Actihomycetales"; "Actillomycetales"; "Actimomycetales"; "Actinamygetales"; "Actinanycetales"; "Actinomijcetales"; "Actinomqmtales"; "Actinomvcetales"; "Actinomvicetales"; "Actinomycciales"; "Actinomyutales"; "Actinonircetales"; "Actinoniycetales"; "Actinonzvcetales"; "Actinonzycetales"; "Actinornycales"; "Actinotnycetales"; "Actinumycelales"; "Actiriomycetales"; "Actiuomycetales"; "Actmomycelales"; "Actrnomycetales"; "Acttnomycetales"; "Aczinomycetales"; "Adinomycetales"; "Atinomycetales".
  • 🎰 The BRCs most frequently used for deposits in this group are: NRRL: 280; DSM: 271; ATCC: 264; JCM: 200; NBRC: 163; IFO: 160; CBS: 151; CCUG: 126; VKM: 114; CIP: 90.
  • 🧍 See also Gottlieb (1963). Publication: Gottlieb D. Recommendations for descriptions of some Actinomycetales appearing in patent applications. International Bulletin of Bacteriological Nomenclature and Taxonomy 1963; 13:169-170.
  • 🧍 See also Pine and Georg (1965). Publication: Pine L, Georg L. The classification and phylogenetic relationships of the Actinomycetales. International Bulletin of Bacteriological Nomenclature and Taxonomy 1965; 15:143-164.
  • 🧍 This name was mentioned in a Request for an Opinion. Publication: Goker M. Solving the remaining problems with names of classes. Request for an Opinion. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72:5605.
  • 🧍 This name was subject to a Request for an Opinion. Publication: Oren A. Proposal to designate the order Actinomycetales Buchanan 1917, 162 (Approved Lists 1980) as the nomenclatural type of the class Actinobacteria. Request for an Opinion. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:3687-3688.

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 1
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 2
Total number of child taxa: 5

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    Actinomycetaceae Buchanan 1918 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    [Actinomycetales, not assigned to family]	artificial parent node of taxa incertae sedis
    Arcanobacteriaceae Salam et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Micropolysporaceae" Liu and Lian 1986	not validly published	preferred name
    [Proactinomycetaceae]	preliminary entry that lacks crucial information

Parent taxon: Actinomycetes Krassilnikov 1949 (Approved Lists 1980)

Assigned by: Arahal et al. Judicial Opinion No. 122. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72:5481.

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Record number: 5010