Name: Bacilli Ludwig et al. 2010

Category: Class

Proposed as: class. nov.

Etymology: L. masc. n. Bacillus, type genus of the type order of the class; from L. masc. n. bacillus, rod; L. masc. pl. n. Bacilli, the Bacillales class (nominative plural of Bacillus)

Gender: masculine

Type genus: Bacillus Cohn 1872 (Approved Lists 1980)

Effective publication: Ludwig W, Schleifer K-H, Whitman WB. Class I. Bacilli class nov. In: De Vos P, Garrity GM, Jones D, Krieg NR, Ludwig W, Rainey FA, K.-H. S, Whitman WB (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd edn, vol. 3 (The Firmicutes), Springer, New York, 2009, p. 19-20.

IJSEM list: Euzeby JP. Validation list no. 132. List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2010; 60:469-472.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    Alicyclobacillia Chuvochina et al. 2024	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    Firmibacteria Murray 1988	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP, rejected name
    "Bacillia" Cavalier-Smith 2020	homotypic synonym, not validly published
    "Candidatus Izemoplasma" Zheng et al. 2021	heterotypic synonym, inaccurate spelling and not pro-validly published
    Teichobacteria Cavalier-Smith 2002	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP, rejected name
    "Candidatus Izemoplasmatia" corrig. Zheng et al. 2021	heterotypic synonym, not pro-validly published
    Desulfuribacillia Sorokin et al. 2021	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP

• Notes:
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the phylum "Bacillaeota" Oren et al. 2015. Publication: Oren A, da Costa MS, Garrity GM, Rainey FA, Rossello-Mora R, Schink B, Sutcliffe I, Trujillo ME, Whitman WB. Proposal to include the rank of phylum in the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015; 65:4284-4287.
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the phylum "Bacillota" Whitman et al. 2018. Publication: Whitman WB, Oren A, Chuvochina M, da Costa MS, Garrity GM, Rainey FA, Rossello-Mora R, Schink B, Sutcliffe I, Trujillo ME, et al. Proposal of the suffix -ota to denote phyla. Addendum to 'Proposal to include the rank of phylum in the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes'. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018; 68:967-969.
  • 🧒 Chuvochina et al. (2023) assigned the order Mycoplasmatales Freundt 1955 (Approved Lists 1980) to this class. Publication: Chuvochina M, Mussig AJ, Chaumeil PA, Skarshewski A, Rinke C, Parks DH, Hugenholtz P. Proposal of names for 329 higher rank taxa defined in the Genome Taxonomy Database under two prokaryotic codes. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2023; 0:0.
  • 🧒 De Vos et al. (2009) assigned the order Bacillales Prévot 1953 (Approved Lists 1980) to this class. Publication: Ludwig W, Schleifer K-H, Whitman WB. Class I. Bacilli class nov. In: De Vos P, Garrity GM, Jones D, Krieg NR, Ludwig W, Rainey FA, K.-H. S, Whitman WB (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, 2nd edn, vol. 3 (The Firmicutes), Springer, New York, 2009, p. 19-20.
  • 🧒 Du et al. (2022) assigned the order "Thermicanales" Du et al. 2022 to this class. Publication: Du Y, Li X, Liu Y, Mu S, Shen D, Fan S, Lou Z, Zhang S, Xia H, Yuan Y, et al. The Species Identification and Genomic Analysis of Haemobacillus shengwangii: A Novel Pathogenic Bacterium Isolated From a Critically Ill Patient With Bloodstream Infection. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:919169.
  • 🧒 Glendinning et al. (2020) assigned the order "Exiguobacterales" Glendinning et al. 2020 to this class. Publication: Glendinning L, Stewart RD, Pallen MJ, Watson KA, Watson M. Assembly of hundreds of novel bacterial genomes from the chicken caecum. Genome Biol 2020; 21:34.
  • 🧒 Jiang et al. (2019) assigned the family Novibacillaceae Jiang et al. 2019 to this class. Publication: Jiang Z, Xiao M, Yang LL, Zhi XY, Li WJ. Genome-based taxonomic classification within the family Thermoactinomycetaceae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:2028-2036.
  • 🚃 The type genus of this class has alternatively been placed in the class Teichobacteria Cavalier-Smith 2002. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T. The neomuran origin of archaebacteria, the negibacterial root of the universal tree and bacterial megaclassification. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2002; 52:7-76.
  • 🙄 This taxon name is occasionally misprinted (or affected by an OCR error) in some sources as: "Bacilla"; "Bacillii".
  • 🎰 The BRCs most frequently used for deposits in this group are: DSM: 2539; JCM: 1487; LMG: 1296; CCUG: 976; ATCC: 919; CIP: 860; KCTC: 748; NBRC: 582; NCIMB: 433; NRRL: 398.
  • 🧍 Nomenclatural type changed from Bacillales Prévot 1953 (Approved Lists 1980) based on new Rule 22. Publication: Oren A. Emendation of Rules 8, 15, 22, 25a, 30(3)(b), 30(4), 34a, and Appendix 7 of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73:6070.
  • 🧍 This name was mentioned in a Request for an Opinion. Rule 8 of the 2022 revision of the ICNP does not require that the name of a class validly published before 1 January 2012 be formed from the stem of the name of the type genus of the type order of the class plus the ending ia. This class name is orthographically correct (nominative plural of a 2nd declension masculine noun). Publication: Goker M. Solving the remaining problems with names of classes. Request for an Opinion. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72:5605.

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 2
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 17
Total number of child taxa: 24

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    Alicyclobacillales Chuvochina et al. 2024	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Aneurinibacillales Chuvochina et al. 2024	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Bacillales Prévot 1953 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    [Bacilli, not assigned to order]	artificial parent node of taxa incertae sedis
    Brevibacillales Chuvochina et al. 2024	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Caldalkalibacillales Chuvochina et al. 2024	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Calditerricolales Chuvochina et al. 2024	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Caryophanales Peshkoff 1939 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Desulfuribacillales Sorokin et al. 2021	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Exiguobacterales" Glendinning et al. 2020	inaccurate spelling	misspelling
    Exiguobacteriales Chuvochina et al. 2024	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Exiguobacteriales" corrig. Glendinning et al. 2020	not validly published	synonym
    "Candidatus Izemoplasmales" Zheng et al. 2021	inaccurate spelling	misspelling
    "Candidatus Izemoplasmatales" corrig. Zheng et al. 2021	not validly published	preferred name
    Kyrpidiales Chuvochina et al. 2024	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Lactobacillales Ludwig et al. 2010	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Paenibacillales Chuvochina et al. 2024	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Plectridiales" Prevot 1938	not validly published	synonym
    Staphylococcales Chuvochina et al. 2024	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Tepidibacillales Chuvochina et al. 2024	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Thermicanales" Du et al. 2022	not validly published	synonym
    Thermicanales Chuvochina et al. 2024	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Thermoactinomycetales Chuvochina et al. 2024	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Tumebacillales Chuvochina et al. 2024	validly published under the ICNP	synonym

Parent taxon: Bacillota Gibbons and Murray 2021

Assigned by: Oren A, Garrity GM. Valid publication of the names of forty-two phyla of prokaryotes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71:5056.

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Record number: 4771