Genus Halorubrum

Name: Halorubrum McGenity and Grant 1996

Category, proposed as: genus, gen. nov.

Etymology: Ha.lo.ru’brum. Gr. masc. n. hals (gen. halos), salt; L. neut. adj. rubrum, red; N.L. neut. n. Halorubrum, salt (-requiring) and red

Gender, pronunciation (Latin): neuter (stem: Halorubr-), ha-lo-RU-brum

Type species: Halorubrum saccharovorum (Tomlinson and Hochstein 1977) McGenity and Grant 1996

Conduct genome-based taxonomy of genus at TYGS

16S rRNA gene: Analyse FASTA

Effective publication: McGenity TJ, Grant WD. Transfer of Halobacterium saccharovorum, Halobacterium sodomense, Halobacterium trapanicum NRC 34021 and Halobacterium lacusprofundi to the genus Halorubrum gen. nov., as Halorubrum saccharovorum comb. nov., Halorubrum sodomense comb. nov., Halorubrum trapanicum comb. nov., and Halorubrum lacusprofundi comb. nov. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 1995; 18:237-243. 🇬🇧

IJSEM list: Anonymous. Validation list no. 56. Validation of publication of new names and new combinations previously effectively published outside the IJSB. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1996; 46:362-363.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name

Risk group: 1

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    Halorubrobacterium Kamekura and Dyall-Smith 1996	homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP, illegitimate name

• Emendations:
  • Oren et al. 2009 Oren A, Arahal DR, Ventosa A. Emended descriptions of genera of the family Halobacteriaceae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:637-642. 🇮🇱 Euzeby JP. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 59, part 3 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:1259-1261.

• Notes:
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the family Halorubraceae Gupta et al. 2016. Publication: Gupta RS, Naushad S, Fabros R, Adeolu M. A phylogenomic reappraisal of family-level divisions within the class Halobacteria: proposal to divide the order Halobacteriales into the families Halobacteriaceae, Haloarculaceae fam. nov., and Halococcaceae fam. nov., and the order Haloferacales into the families, Haloferacaceae and Halorubraceae fam nov. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2016; 109:565-587. 🇨🇦
  • 🧕 Boone et al. (2001) assigned this genus to the family Halobacteriaceae Gibbons 1974 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: McGenity TJ, Grant WD. Genus VII. Halorubrum McGenity and Grant 1996, 362VP (Effective publication: McGenity and Grant 1995, 241). In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 320-324. 🇺🇸
  • 🧕 Gupta et al. (2016) assigned this genus to the family Halorubraceae Gupta et al. 2016. Publication: Gupta RS, Naushad S, Fabros R, Adeolu M. A phylogenomic reappraisal of family-level divisions within the class Halobacteria: proposal to divide the order Halobacteriales into the families Halobacteriaceae, Haloarculaceae fam. nov., and Halococcaceae fam. nov., and the order Haloferacales into the families, Haloferacaceae and Halorubraceae fam nov. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2016; 109:565-587. 🇨🇦
  • 🚋 The type species of this genus has alternatively been placed in the genus Halobacterium Elazari-Volcani 1957 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Tomlinson GA, Hochstein LI. Halobacterium saccharovorum sp. nov., a carbohydrate-metabolizing, extremely halophilic bacterium. Can J Microbiol 1976; 22:587-591.
  • 🚋 The type species of this genus has alternatively been placed in the genus Halorubrobacterium Kamekura and Dyall-Smith 1996. Publication: Kamekura M, Dyall-Smith ML. Taxonomy of the family Halobacteriaceae and the description of two new genera Halorubrobacterium and Natrialba. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 1995; 41:333-350. 🇦🇺
  • 🙄 This taxon name is occasionally misprinted (or affected by an OCR error) in some sources as: "Halmubrum"; "Haloburum"; "Halombrum"; "Halombum"; "Halonibrum"; "Halorllbrum"; "Halorrubrum"; "Halorubmm"; "Halorubnun"; "Halorubruin"; "Halorubrulll"; "Halorubum"; "Haloruhrum"; "Halotubrum"; "Hulorubrum".
  • 🖹 Minimal standards for the description of new taxa in this group were published in 2024. Publication: Cui HL, Hou J, Amoozegar MA, Dyall-Smith ML, de la Haba RR, Minegishi H, Montalvo-Rodriguez R, Oren A, Sanchez-Porro C, Ventosa A, et al. Proposed minimal standards for description of new taxa of the class Halobacteria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2024; 74:6290. 🇮🇱
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Oren A, Arahal DR, Ventosa A. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Halobacteria and Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Halomonadaceae. Minutes of the joint open meeting, 28 June 2022, Alicante, Spain. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72:5584. 🇮🇱
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Oren A, Ventosa A. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halobacteria and subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halomonadaceae. Minutes of the joint open meeting, 26 June 2019, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:3657-3661. 🇮🇱
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Oren A, Ventosa A. International Committee on Systematic Bacteriology Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halobacteriaceae. Minutes of the meetings, 16 August 1999, Sydney, Australia. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2000; 50:1405-1407. 🇮🇱
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Oren A, Ventosa A. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halobacteriaceae and Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halomonadaceae. Minutes of the meeting 30 June 2010, Beijing, China. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2010; 60:2257-2259. 🇮🇱
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Arahal DR, Oren A, Ventosa A. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halobacteriaceae and Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halomonadaceae Minutes of the joint open meeting, 6 September 2011, Sapporo, Japan. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2011; 61:2792-2795. 🇪🇸
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Arahal DR, Oren A, Ventosa A. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halobacteria and Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halomonadaceae. Minutes of the joint open meeting, 11 July 2017, Valencia, Spain. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:4279-4283. 🇮🇱
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Oren A, Ventosa A. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halobacteriaceae and subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halomonadaceae. Minutes of the joint open meeting, 23 May 2016, San Juan, Puerto Rico. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:4291-4295. 🇮🇱
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Oren A, Ventosa A. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halobacteriaceae and Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halomonadaceae: minutes of the joint open meeting, 31 July 2014, Montreal, Canada. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2014; 64:3915-3918. 🇮🇱
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Oren A, Ventosa A. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes; Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halobacteriaceae; Minutes of the meetings, 5 September 2004, Ljubljana, Slovenia. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 2005; 55:543-544. 🇮🇱
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Oren A, Arahal DR, Ventosa A. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Halobacteria and Subcommittee on the Taxonomy of Halomonadaceae: minutes of the joint open meeting, 25 November 2025, Oaxaca, Mexico. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2026; 76:7065. 🇮🇱
  • 💁 Taxonomists who have recently focused on this group are the corresponding authors of Gutierrez et al. (2011), Xu et al. (2019), Chen et al. (2016), Sun et al. (2019), Gibtan et al. (2018). Editors in search of reviewers are advised to consider additional criteria such as whether a taxon is covered by one of the ICSP subcommittees.
  • 🎰 The BRCs most frequently used for deposits in this group are: JCM: 41; CGMCC: 30; DSM: 24; CECT: 13; ATCC: 7; KCTC: 6; NCIMB: 6; CIP: 6; MCCC: 5; VKM: 5.
  • 😷 The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 1". — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
  • 🧍 See also: Publication: Oren A, Ventosa A. A proposal for the transfer of Halorubrobacterium distributum and Halorubrobacterium coriense to the genus Halorubrum as Halorubrum distributum comb. nov. and Halorubrum coriense comb. nov., respectively. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1996; 46:1180. 🇮🇱

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 40
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 44
Total number of child taxa: 53

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    Halorubrum aethiopicum Gibtan et al. 2018	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum aidingense Cui et al. 2006	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum alkaliphilum Feng et al. 2005	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum amylolyticum Sun et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum aquaticum Gutiérrez et al. 2011	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum arcis Xu et al. 2007	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Halorubrum californiense Pesenti et al. 2008	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum chaoviator Mancinelli et al. 2009	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Halorubrum cibi Roh and Bae 2009	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum coriense (Kamekura and Dyall-Smith 1996) Oren and Ventosa 1996	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum depositum Chen et al. 2019	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum distributum (Zvyagintseva and Tarasov 1989) Oren and Ventosa 1996	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum ejinorense Castillo et al. 2007	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum ezzemoulense Kharroub et al. 2006	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum gandharaense Kondo et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum glutamatedens Xu et al. 2019	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum halodurans Corral et al. 2016	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum halophilum Yim et al. 2014	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum hochsteinianum Vreeland et al. 2024	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum kocurii Gutiérrez et al. 2008	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum lacusprofundi (Franzmann et al. 1989) McGenity and Grant 1996	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum laminariae Han and Cui 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum lipolyticum Cui et al. 2006	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum litoreum Cui et al. 2007	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Halorubrum luteum Hu et al. 2008	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Halorubrum marinum" Li et al. 2026	not validly published	preferred name
    Halorubrum miltondacostae Albuquerque et al. 2025	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum orientale Castillo et al. 2006	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum pallidum Chen et al. 2016	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum persicum Corral et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Halorubrum rarum" Li et al. 2026	not validly published	preferred name
    "Halorubrum ruber" Hwang et al. 2022	not validly published	preferred name
    Halorubrum rubrum Qiu et al. 2014	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum rutilum Yin et al. 2016	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum saccharovorum (Tomlinson and Hochstein 1977) McGenity and Grant 1996	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum salinarum Han et al. 2022	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum salinum Zhang and Cui 2014	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Halorubrum salipaludis" Gong et al. 2021	not validly published	preferred name
    Halorubrum salsamenti Chen et al. 2019	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Halorubrum sfaxense" Trigui et al. 2011	not validly published	preferred name
    "Halorubrum shenae" Li et al. 2026	not validly published	preferred name
    Halorubrum sodomense (Oren 1983) McGenity and Grant 1996	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum tebenquichense Lizama et al. 2002	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum terrestre Ventosa et al. 2004	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Halorubrum tibetense Fan et al. 2004	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum trapanicum (Petter 1931) McGenity and Grant 1996	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Halorubrum tropicale" Sanchez-Nieves et al. 2016	not validly published	preferred name
    Halorubrum trueperi Chen et al. 2017	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum vacuolatum (Mwatha and Grant 1993) Kamekura et al. 1997	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Halorubrum wangae" Li et al. 2026	not validly published	preferred name
    Halorubrum xinjiangense Feng et al. 2004	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Halorubrum yunnanense Chen et al. 2015	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Halorubrum zhoui" Li et al. 2026	not validly published	preferred name

Parent taxon: Haloferacaceae Gupta et al. 2015

Assigned by: Gupta RS, Naushad S, Baker S. Phylogenomic analyses and molecular signatures for the class Halobacteria and its two major clades: a proposal for division of the class Halobacteria into an emended order Halobacteriales and two new orders, Haloferacales ord. nov. and Natrialbales ord. nov., containing the novel families Haloferacaceae fam. nov. and Natrialbaceae fam. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015; 65:1050-1069. 🇨🇦

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Record number: 517052