Genus Halobacterium
Warning: In the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature, an arrow (→) only indicates the sequence of valid publication of names and does not mean that the last name in the sequence must be used (see: Introduction).
Number of species, including synonyms, cited in this file: 18
Number of subspecies, including synonyms, cited in this file: 0
Classification (Warning: see also the file "Classification of prokaryotes: Introduction").
For a detailed description of this taxon see Bergey’s Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria (BMSAB).
Halobacterium Elazari-Volcani 1957, genus. (Type genus of the order ¤ Halobacteriales Grant and Larsen 1989; type genus of the family ¤ Halobacteriaceae Gibbons 1974 [Approved Lists 1980]).
Type species: ¤ Halobacterium salinarum corrig. (Harrison and Kennedy 1922) Elazari-Volcani 1957 (Approved Lists 1980).
Synonyms: Not "Halobacterium" Schoop 1935 (nomen nudum), "Flavobacterium (subgen. Halobacterium)" Elazari-Volcani 1940, "Halobacter" Anderson 1954.
Recommended three-letter abbreviation: Hbt. (see the file ¤ "Three-letter code for abbreviations of generic names").
Etymology: Gr. n. hals halos, the sea, salt; L. neut. n. bacterium, a small rod; N.L. neut. n. Halobacterium salt (-requiring) bacterium.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: ELAZARI-VOLCANI (B.): Genus XII. Halobacterium. In: R.S. BREED, E.G.D. MURRAY and N.R. SMITH (editors): Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 7th edition, The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1957, pp. 207-212.
Note: P. DasSarma & S. DasSarma 2008 [1], propose to rename the genus Halobacterium as "Haloarchaeum", to reflect its membership in the archaeal rather than the bacterial domain. This change is in violation of the General Considerations, Principles and Rules of the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria [2], and it not validly published.
References:
1 DASSARMA (P.) and DASSARMA (S.): On the origin of prokaryotic "species": the taxonomy of halophilic Archaea. Saline Systems, 2008, 4, 5.
Original publication Online
2 OREN (A.): Nomenclature and taxonomy of halophilic archaea - comments on the proposal by DasSarma and DasSarma for nomenclatural changes within the order Halobacteriales. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2008, 58, 2245-2246.
Original article in IJSEM Online
→ Halobacterium Elazari-Volcani 1957 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Kamekura and Dyall-Smith 1995.
Reference: KAMEKURA (M.) and DYALL-SMITH (M.L.): Taxonomy of the family Halobacteriaceae and the description of two new genera Halorubrobacterium and Natrialba. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol., 1995, 41, 333-350.
Original article Online
→ Halobacterium Elazari-Volcani 1957 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Oren et al. 2009.
Reference: OREN (A.), ARAHAL (D.R.) and VENTOSA (A.): Emended descriptions of genera of the family Halobacteriaceae. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2009, 59, 637-642.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Halobacterium cutirubrum (Lochhead 1934) Elazari-Volcani 1957, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 33170= DSM 669 = NCCB 81095 = NRC 34001 = VKM B-1808 = 63-R2.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not found.
Synonym: "Serratia cutirubrum" Lochhead 1934.
Etymology: L. n. cutis, skin; L. adj. ruber -bra -brum, red; N.L. neut. adj. cutirubrum, skin-red.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 LOCHHEAD (A.G.): Bacteriological studies on the red discoloration of salted hides. Canadian Journal of Research, 1934, 10, 275-286. 2 ELAZARI-VOLCANI (B.): Genus XII. Halobacterium. In: R.S. BREED, E.G.D. MURRAY and N.R. SMITH (editors): Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 7th edition, The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1957, pp. 207-212.
→ ¤ Halobacterium salinarum corrig. (Harrison and Kennedy 1922) Elazari-Volcani 1957 (Approved Lists 1980).
Reference: VENTOSA (A.) and OREN (A.): Halobacterium salinarum nom. corrig., a name to replace Halobacterium salinarium (Elazari-Volcani) and to include Halobacterium halobium and Halobacterium cutirubrum. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1996, 46, 347.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Note: No properties that differentiate Halobacterium cutirubrum (Lochhead 1934) Elazari-Volcani 1957 (Approved Lists 1980) from Halobacterium salinarum corrig. (Harrison and Kennedy 1922) Elazari-Volcani 1957 (Approved Lists 1980) and justify assignment of these strains to separate species has been described.
Halobacterium denitrificans Tomlinson et al. 1986, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) S1 = ATCC 35960= DSM 4425 = JCM 8864 = VKM B-1754.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: D14128.
Etymology: N.L. part. adj. denitrificans, denitrifying.
Valid publication: TOMLINSON (G.A.), JAHNKE (L.L.) and HOCHSTEIN (L.I.): Halobacterium denitrificans sp. nov., an extremely halophilic denitrifying bacterium. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1986, 36, 66-70.
Original article in IJSEM Online
→ ¤ Haloferax denitrificans (Tomlinson et al. 1986) Tindall et al. 1989, comb. nov.
Halobacterium distributum corrig. Zvyagintseva and Tarasov 1989, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) 1m = ATCC 51197= CIP 105238 = JCM 9100 = JCM 10118 = VKM B-1733.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: D63572.
Etymology: L. neut. part. adj. distributum, distributed (widely).
Valid publication: Validation List no. 31. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1989, 39, 495-497.
Effective publication: ZVYAGINTSEVA (I.S.) and TARASOV (A.L.): Extreme halophilic bacteria from saline soils. Mikrobiologiya, 1987, 56, 839-844.
Validation List no. 31 in IJSEM Online
Notes:
1 The original spelling, Halobacterium distributus (sic), has been corrected in accordance with Rule 61.
Reference: Erratum. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1990, 40, 106.
2 On the Validation List no. 31, the type strain is incorrectly cited as strain I-M (sic) = VKM B-1733.
→ ¤ Halorubrum distributum (Zvyagintseva and Tarasov 1989) Oren and Ventosa 1996, comb. nov.
Halobacterium halobium (Petter 1931) Elazari-Volcani 1957, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) NCCB 33035 = NCIB 8720.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: not found.
Synonyms: "Bacillus halobius ruber" Klebahn 1919, "Bacterium halobium" Petter 1931, "Flavobacterium (subgen. Halobacterium) halobium" (Petter 1931) Elazari-Volcani 1940.
Etymology: Gr. n. hals halos, salt; Gr. n. bios, life; N.L. neut. adj. halobium, living on salt.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 PETTER (H.F.M.): On bacteria of salted fish. Proceedings Academy of Science, Amsterdam, 1931, 34, 1417-1423. 2 ELAZARI-VOLCANI (B.): Genus XII. Halobacterium. In: R.S. BREED, E.G.D. MURRAY and N.R. SMITH (editors): Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 7th edition, The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1957, pp. 207-212.
→ ¤ Halobacterium salinarum corrig. (Harrison and Kennedy 1922) Elazari-Volcani 1957 (Approved Lists 1980).
Reference: VENTOSA (A.) and OREN (A.): Halobacterium salinarum nom. corrig., a name to replace Halobacterium salinarium (Elazari-Volcani) and to include Halobacterium halobium and Halobacterium cutirubrum. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1996, 46, 347.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Note: No properties that differentiate Halobacterium halobium (Petter 1931) Elazari-Volcani 1957 (Approved Lists 1980) from Halobacterium salinarum corrig. (Harrison and Kennedy 1922) Elazari-Volcani 1957 (Approved Lists 1980) and justify assignment of these strains to separate species has been described.
Halobacterium jilantaiense Yang et al. 2006, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) NG4 = CGMCC 1.5337 = JCM 13558.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: DQ256409.
Etymology: N.L. neut. adj. jilantaiense, pertaining to Jilantai salt lake, where the type strain was isolated.
Valid publication: YANG (Y.), CUI (H.L.), ZHOU (P.J.) and LIU (S.J.): Halobacterium jilantaiense sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon isolated from a saline lake in Inner Mongolia, China. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2006, 56, 2353-2355.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Halobacterium lacusprofundi Franzmann et al. 1989, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ACAM 34 = ATCC 49239= CIP 105334 = DSM 5036 = JCM 8891 = UQM 3107 = VKM B-1753.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: U17365, CP001365 (complete genome).
Etymology: L. n. lacus, lake; L. masc. adj. profundus, deep; N.L. gen. n. lacusprofundi, of the deep lake, referring to Deep Lake, Antarctica, where the organism was originally isolated.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 29. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1989, 39, 205-206.
Effective publication: FRANZMANN (P.D.), STACKEBRANDT (E.), SANDERSON (K.), VOLKMAN (J.K.), CAMERON (D.E.), STEVENSON (P.L.), McMEEKIN (T.A.) and BURTON (H.R.): Halobacterium lacusprofundi sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from Deep Lake, Antarctica. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 1988, 11, 20-27.
Validation List no. 29 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
→ ¤ Halorubrum lacusprofundi (Franzmann et al. 1989) McGenity and Grant 1996, comb. nov.
Halobacterium litoreum Lu et al. 2017, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ZS-54-S2=CGMCC 1.12562=JCM 30038.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: KC918831.
Etymology: L. neut. adj. litoreum, of or belonging to the seashore.
Source: Environmental - marine.
Valid publication: LU, Z. Z., LI, Y., ZHOU, Y., CUI, H. L. and LI, Z. R. 2017. Halobacterium litoreum sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 67, 4095-4099.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Halobacterium mediterranei Rodriguez-Valera et al. 1983, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) R-4 = ATCC 33500= CCM 3361 = DSM 1411 = IFO (now NBRC) 14739 = JCM 8866 = VKM B-1748.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: D11107.
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. mediterranei (from L. Mediterraneum mare), of the Mediterranean Sea.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 12. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1983, 33, 896-897.
Effective publication: RODRIGUEZ-VALERA (F.), JUEZ (G.) and KUSHNER (D.J.): Halobacterium mediterranei spec. nov., a new carbohydrate-utilizing extreme halophile. Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 1983, 4, 369-381.
Validation List no. 12 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Notes:
1 The species Halobacterium mediterranei (effective publication Rodriguez-Valera et al. 1983, type strain: strain R-4 = ATCC 33500= CCM 3361) appears also on the Validation List no. 13 [1]. The date of valid publication of this name is in fact that of the first citation in a Validation List (List no. 12, published 17 October 1983) [2].
References:
1 Validation List no. 13. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1984, 34, 91-92.
Validation List no. 13 in IJSEM Online
2 EUZÉBY (J.P.) and KUDO (T.): Corrigenda to the Validation Lists. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2001, 51, 1933-1938.
Original article by Euzéby and Kudo in IJSEM Online
2 On Validation List 12, this name is erroneously cited as Halobacterium mediterranei Rodriguez-Valera (i.e. "et al." is omited).
→ ¤ Haloferax mediterranei (Rodriguez-Valera et al. 1983) Torreblanca et al. 1987, comb. nov.
Halobacterium noricense Gruber et al. 2005, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) A1 = ATCC BAA-852 = DSM 15987 = JCM 15102 = NCIMB 13967.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AJ548827.
Etymology: L. neut. adj. noricense, pertaining to Noricum, the Roman name of the former Austrian province where the salt mines of Altaussee and Bad Ischl are located.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 103. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2005, 55, 983-985.
Effective publication: GRUBER (C.), LEGAT (A.), PFAFFENHUEMER (M.), RADAX (C.), WEIDLER (G.), BUSSE (H.J.) and STAN-LOTTER (H.): Halobacterium noricense sp. nov., an archaeal isolate from a bore core of an alpine Permian salt deposit, classification of Halobacterium sp. NRC-1 as a strain of H. salinarum and emended description of H. salinarum. Extremophiles, 2004, 8, 431-439.
Validation List no. 103 in IJSEM Online - Effective publication Online
Halobacterium pharaonis Soliman and Trüper 1983, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) Gabara = ATCC 35678= CIP 103997 = DSM 2160 = IFO (now NBRC) 14720 = JCM 8858 = NCIMB 2260 = VKM B-1749.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: CR936257.
Etymology: L. gen. n. pharaonis, of Pharaoh, title of the kings of ancient Egypt.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 10. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1983, 33, 438-440.
Effective publication: SOLIMAN (G.S.H.) and TRÜPER (H.G.): Halobacterium pharaonis sp. nov., a new, extremely haloalkaliphilic archaebacterium with low magnesium requirement. Zentralbl. Bakteriol. Parasitenkd. Infektionskr. Hyg. Abt. 1 Orig., 1982, C3, 318-329.
Validation List no. 10 in IJSEM Online
→ ¤ Natronobacterium pharaonis (Soliman and Trüper 1983) Tindall et al. 1984, comb. nov.
→ ¤ Natronomonas pharaonis (Soliman and Trüper 1983) Kamekura et al. 1997, comb. nov.
Halobacterium piscisalsi Yachai et al. 2008, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) HPC1-2 = BCC 24372 = JCM 14661 = PCU 302.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AB285020.
Etymology: L. n. piscis, fish; L. adj. salsus, salted, salt; N.L. gen. n. piscisalsi, of salted fish.
Valid publication: YACHAI (M.), TANASUPAWAT (S.), ITOH (T.), BENJAKUL (S.), VISESSANGUAN (W.) and VALYASEVI (R.): Halobacterium piscisalsi sp. nov., from fermented fish (pla-ra) in Thailand. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2008, 58, 2136-2140.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Note: According to H. Minegishi and A. Echigo Halobacterium piscisalsi JCM 14661T shares high 16S rRNA gene similarity and high DNA–DNA relatedness with ¤ Halobacterium salinarum. The "Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halobacteriaceae and Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halomonadaceae" recommended to also obtain cultures of the type strain of Halobacterium piscisalsi from other culture collections (BCC 24372, PCU 302). If these cultures are identical to JCM 14661T, a taxonomic note should be published proposing Halobacterium piscisalsi as a later synonym of ¤ Halobacterium salinarum. This taxonomic note was submitted to IJSEM on November 04, 2011 (see Arahal et al. 2011, and Minegishi et al.).
References:
1 OREN (A.) and VENTOSA (A.): International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halobacteriaceae and Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halomonadaceae. Minutes of the meeting 30 June 2010, Beijing, China. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2010, 60, 2257-2259.
Original article in IJSEM Online
2 ARAHAL (D.R.), OREN (A.) and VENTOSA (A.): International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halobacteriaceae and Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halomonadaceae Minutes of the joint open meeting, 6 September 2011, Sapporo, Japan. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2011, 61, 2792-2795.
Original article in IJSEM Online
3 MINEGISHI (H.), ECHIGO (A.), SHIMANE (Y.), KAMEKURA (M.), TANASUPAWAT (S.), VISESSANGUAN (W.) and USAMI (R.): Halobacterium piscisalsi Yachai et al. 2008 is a subjective junior synonym of Halobacterium salinarum Elazari-Volcani 1957. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. November 4, 2011.
Abstract - Original article in IJSEM Online
→ ¤ Halobacterium salinarum Elazari-Volcani 1957 (Approved Lists 1980).
Note: According to Minegishi et al. 2012, Halobacterium piscisalsi Yachai et al. 2008 is a later heterotypic synonym of ¤ Halobacterium salinarum Elazari-Volcani 1957 (Approved List 1980).
Reference: MINEGISHI (H.), ECHIGO (A.), SHIMANE (Y.), KAMEKURA (M.), TANASUPAWAT (S.), VISESSANGUAN (W.) and USAMI (R.): Halobacterium piscisalsi Yachai et al. 2008 is a later heterotypic synonym of Halobacterium salinarum Elazari-Volcani 1957. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2012, 62, 2160-2162.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Halobacterium rubrum Han and Cui 2015, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) TGN-42-S1=CGMCC 1.12575=JCM 19908.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: KC914879.
Whole-genome sequence accession no. for the type strain: -.
Etymology: -.
Source: Environmental - marine.
Valid publication: Validation List no. 162. List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published. Int. J Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 65 (2015), 741-744.
Validation List Online
Effective publication: HAN, D. and CUI, H.-L. 2014. Halobacterium rubrum sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern. Arch. Microbiol., 196, 847-851.
Effective publication Online
Halobacterium saccharovorum Tomlinson and Hochstein 1977, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) M6 = ATCC 29252= CIP 105329 = DSM 1137 = IFO (now NBRC) 14717 = JCM 8865 = NCIMB 2081 = VKM B-1747.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: U17364.
Etymology: Gr. n. sakchâr, sugar; L. v. voro, to devour; N.L. neut. adj. saccharovorum, sugar-devouring.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 TOMLINSON (G.A.) and HOCHSTEIN (L.I.): Halobacterium saccharovorum sp. nov., a carbohydrate-metabolizing, extremely halophilic bacterium. Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 1976, 22, 587-591. 2 Announcement of the valid publication of new names and new combinations previously effectively published outside the IJSB. List no. 1. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, 1977, 27, 306.
→ ¤ Halorubrum saccharovorum (Tomlinson and Hochstein 1977) McGenity and Grant 1996, comb. nov.
Halobacterium salinarum corrig. (Harrison and Kennedy 1922) Elazari-Volcani 1957, species. (Type species of the genus.)
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 33171= CIP 104033 = DSM 3754 = JCM 8978 = NBRC 102687 = NCIMB 764 = NRC 34002 = VKM B-1769 = 91-R6.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AJ496185.
Synonyms: "Pseudomonas salinaria" Harrison and Kennedy 1922, "Serratia salinaria" (Harrison and Kennedy 1922) Bergey et al. 1923, "Flavobacterium (subgen. Halobacterium) salinarium" (Harrison and Kennedy 1922) Elazari-volcani 1940, "Halobacter salinaria" (Harrison and Kennedy 1922) Anderson 1954.
Etymology: L. gen. pl. n. salinarum, of salt works.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 HARRISON (F.C.) and KENNEDY (M.E.): The red discolouration of cured codfish. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Canada, Section 5, 1922, 16, 101-152. 2 ELAZARI-VOLCANI (B.): Genus XII. Halobacterium. In: R.S. BREED, E.G.D. MURRAY and N.R. SMITH (editors): Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 7th edition, The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1957, pp. 207-212.
Notes:
1 The original spelling, Halobacterium salinarium (sic), has been corrected by Ventosa and Oren 1996 [1]. However, in the effective publication [2], the etymology is L. adj. salinarius a um, of salt works, not salinae arum (salt works). M. Vitruvius Pollio, in De architectura [3], uses the adjective salinarius (... ut etiam in areis salinariis videtur.). So, Halobacterium salinarium seems correct.
References:
1 VENTOSA (A.) and OREN (A.): Halobacterium salinarum nom. corrig., a name to replace Halobacterium salinarium (Elazari-Volcani) and to include Halobacterium halobium and Halobacterium cutirubrum. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1996, 46, 347.
Original article in IJSEM Online
2 ELAZARI-VOLCANI (B.): Genus XII. Halobacterium Elazari-Volcani, 1940. In: R.S. BREED, E.G.D. MURRAY and N.R. SMITH (editors), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, seventh edition, 1957. The Williams & Wilkins Co., Baltimore, p. 207-212.
3 VITRUVIUS: M. Vitrvvii Pollionis, De architectvra libri decem Amsterdam, 1649, see Liber Octavus, Cap. 3 (see page 160).
2 The species Halobacterium salinarum corrig. (Harrison and Kennedy 1922) Elazari-Volcani 1957 includes strains designated as ¤ Halobacterium halobium (Petter 1931) Elazari-Volcani 1957 (Approved Lists 1980) or ¤ Halobacterium cutirubrum (Lochhead 1934) Elazari-Volcani 1957 (Approved Lists 1980).
Reference: VENTOSA (A.) and OREN (A.): Halobacterium salinarum nom. corrig., a name to replace Halobacterium salinarium (Elazari-Volcani) and to include Halobacterium halobium and Halobacterium cutirubrum. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1996, 46, 347.
Original article in IJSEM Online
→ Halobacterium salinarum corrig. (Harrison and Kennedy 1922) Elazari-Volcani 1957 (Approved Lists 1980) emend. Gruber et al. 2004.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 33171= CIP 104033 = DSM 3754 = JCM 8978 = NBRC 102687 = NCIMB 764 = NRC 34002 = VKM B-1769.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AJ496185.
Synonyms: "Pseudomonas salinaria" Harrison and Kennedy 1922, "Serratia salinaria" (Harrison and Kennedy 1922) Bergey et al. 1923, "Flavobacterium (subgen. Halobacterium) salinarium" (Harrison and Kennedy 1922) Elazari-volcani 1940, "Halobacter salinaria" (Harrison and Kennedy 1922) Anderson 1954.
Etymology: L. gen. pl. n. salinarum, of salt works.
References: List of Changes in Taxonomic Opinion no. 2. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2005, 55, 1403-1404. [GRUBER (C.), LEGAT (A.), PFAFFENHUEMER (M.), RADAX (C.), WEIDLER (G.), BUSSE (H.J.) and STAN-LOTTER (H.): Halobacterium noricense sp. nov., an archaeal isolate from a bore core of an alpine Permian salt deposit, classification of Halobacterium sp. NRC-1 as a strain of H. salinarum and emended description of H. salinarum. Extremophiles, 2004, 8, 431-439.]
List of Changes in Taxonomic Opinion no. 2 in IJSEM Online - Original article Online
Note: According to H. Minegishi and A. Echigo ¤ Halobacterium piscisalsi JCM 14661T shares high 16S rRNA gene similarity and high DNA–DNA relatedness with Halobacterium salinarum. The "Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halobacteriaceae and Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halomonadaceae" recommended to also obtain cultures of the type strain of Halobacterium piscisalsi from other culture collections (BCC 24372, PCU 302). If these cultures are identical to JCM 14661T, a taxonomic note should be published proposing ¤ Halobacterium piscisalsi as a later synonym of Halobacterium salinarum. This taxonomic note was submitted to IJSEM on November 04, 2011 (see Arahal et al. 2011, and Minegishi et al.).
References:
1 OREN (A.) and VENTOSA (A.): International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halobacteriaceae and Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halomonadaceae. Minutes of the meeting 30 June 2010, Beijing, China. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2010, 60, 2257-2259.
Original article in IJSEM Online
2 ARAHAL (D.R.), OREN (A.) and VENTOSA (A.): International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halobacteriaceae and Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Halomonadaceae Minutes of the joint open meeting, 6 September 2011, Sapporo, Japan. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2011, 61, 2792-2795.
Original article in IJSEM Online
3 MINEGISHI (H.), ECHIGO (A.), SHIMANE (Y.), KAMEKURA (M.), TANASUPAWAT (S.), VISESSANGUAN (W.) and USAMI (R.): Halobacterium piscisalsi Yachai et al. 2008 is a subjective junior synonym of Halobacterium salinarum Elazari-Volcani 1957. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. November 4, 2011.
Abstract - Original article in IJSEM Online
Note: According to Minegishi et al. 2012 Halobacterium salinarum Elazari-Volcani 1957 (Approved List 1980) is an earlier heterotypic synonym of ¤ Halobacterium piscisalsi Yachai et al. 2008.
Reference: MINEGISHI (H.), ECHIGO (A.), SHIMANE (Y.), KAMEKURA (M.), TANASUPAWAT (S.), VISESSANGUAN (W.) and USAMI (R.): Halobacterium piscisalsi Yachai et al. 2008 is a later heterotypic synonym of Halobacterium salinarum Elazari-Volcani 1957. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2012, 62, 2160-2162.
Original article in IJSEM Online
Halobacterium sodomense Oren 1983, sp. nov.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) RD-26 = ATCC 33755= CIP 105330 = DSM 3755 = IFO (now NBRC) 14740 = JCM 8880 = NCIMB 2197 = VKM B-1771.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: D13379.
Etymology: N.L. neut. adj. sodomense, pertaining to Sodom, near the Dead Sea, where the organism was originally isolated.
Valid publication: OREN (A.): Halobacterium sodomense sp. nov., a Dead Sea Halobacterium with an extremely high magnesium requirement. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1983, 33, 381-386.
Original article in IJSEM Online
→ ¤ Halorubrum sodomense (Oren 1983) McGenity and Grant 1996, comb. nov.
Halobacterium trapanicum (Petter 1931) Elazari-Volcani 1957, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) NCCB 71076 = NRC 34021 = VKM B-2026.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: X82168.
Synonym: "Bacterium trapanicum" Petter 1931.
Etymology: N.L. neut. adj. trapanicum, pertaining to Trapani, Sicily, the site of the salt from which the organism was originally isolated.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 PETTER (H.F.M.): On bacteria of salted fish. Proceedings Academy of Science, Amsterdam, 1931, 34, 1417-1423. 2 ELAZARI-VOLCANI (B.): Genus XII. Halobacterium. In: R.S. BREED, E.G.D. MURRAY and N.R. SMITH (editors): Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 7th edition, The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1957, pp. 207-212.
→ ¤ Halorubrum trapanicum (Petter 1931) McGenity and Grant 1996, comb. nov.
Halobacterium vallismortis González et al. 1979, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) J. F. 54 = ATCC 29715= DSM 3756 = IFO (now NBRC) 14741 = JCM 8877 = VKM B-1791.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: EF645688.
Etymology: L. gen. n. vallis, of the valley; L. gen. n. mortis, of death; N.L. gen. n. vallismortis, of the valley of death; named after Death Valley, California.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: 1 GONZALEZ (C.), GUTIERREZ (C.) and RAMIREZ (C.): Halobacterium vallismortis sp. nov. An amylolytic and carbohydrate-metabolizing, extremely halophilic bacterium. Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 1978, 24, 710-715. 2 Validation of the publication of new names and new combinations previously effectively published outside the IJSB. List no. 3. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, 1979, 29, 436.
→ ¤ Haloarcula vallismortis (Gonzalez et al. 1979) Torreblanca et al. 1986, comb. nov.
Halobacterium volcanii Mullakhanbhai and Larsen 1975, species.
Type strain: (see also Global Catalogue of Microorganisms) ATCC 29605= DSM 3757 = IFO (now NBRC) 14742 = JCM 8879 = NCCB 85050 = NCIMB 2012 = VKM B-1768.
Sequence accession no. (16S rRNA gene) for the type strain: AY425724, CP001956 (complete genome).
Etymology: N.L. gen. n. volcanii, of Volcani; named after Israeli microbiologist B.E. Volcani, discoverer of life in the Dead Sea.
Approved Lists reference: SKERMAN (V.B.D.), McGOWAN (V.) and SNEATH (P.H.A.) (editors): Approved Lists of Bacterial Names. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1980, 30, 225-420 (Approved Lists of Bacterial Names in IJSEM Online - Approved Lists of Bacterial Names Amended edition).
Original publication: MULLAKHANBHAI (M.F.) and LARSEN (H.): Halobacterium volcanii spec. nov., a Dead Sea halobacterium with a moderate salt requirement. Archives of Microbiology, 1975, 104, 207-214.
Note: On the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names, and on the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names (Amended Edition), this taxon is incorrectly cited as Halobacterium volcanii Mullakhanbhai and Larson (sic) 1975.
References:
1 LARSEN (H.): Genus I. Halobacterium Elazari-Volcani 1957, 207AL. In: N.R. KRIEG and J.G. HOLT (editors), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, first edition, vol. 1, The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1984, pp. 262-266.
2 KUDO (T.): Personal communication (April 25, 2001).
→ ¤ Haloferax volcanii (Mullakhanbhai and Larsen 1975) Torreblanca et al. 1986, comb. nov.