Name: Cronobacter Iversen et al. 2008

Category: Genus

Proposed as: gen. nov.

Etymology: Cro.no.bac’ter. Gr. masc. n. Kronos, one of the Titans of mythology who swallowed each of his children as soon as they were born (Graves, 1992); N.L. masc. n. bacter, a rod; N.L. masc. n. Cronobacter, a rod that can cause infection in neonates

Gender, pronunciation (Latin): masculine (stem: Cronobacter-), kro-no-BAK-ter

Type species: Cronobacter sakazakii (Farmer et al. 1980) Iversen et al. 2008

Conduct genome-based taxonomy of genus at TYGS

16S rRNA gene: Analyse FASTA

Valid publication: Iversen C, Mullane N, McCardell B, Tall BD, Lehner A, Fanning S, Stephan R, Joosten H. Cronobacter gen. nov., a new genus to accommodate the biogroups of Enterobacter sakazakii, and proposal of Cronobacter sakazakii gen. nov., comb. nov., Cronobacter malonaticus sp. nov., Cronobacter turicensis sp. nov., Cronobacter muytjensii sp. nov., Cronobacter dublinensis sp. nov., Cronobacter genomospecies 1, and of three subspecies, Cronobacter dublinensis subsp. dublinensis subsp. nov., Cronobacter dublinensis subsp. lausannensis subsp. nov. and Cronobacter dublinensis subsp. lactaridi subsp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2008; 58:1442-1447. 🇨🇭

IJSEM list: Euzeby JP. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 58, part 6 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2008; 58:1995-1996.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name

Risk group: 2

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    "Cronobacter" Iversen et al. 2007	homotypic synonym, not validly published

• Emendations:
  • Brady et al. 2013 Brady C, Cleenwerck I, Venter S, Coutinho T, De Vos P. Taxonomic evaluation of the genus Enterobacter based on multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA): proposal to reclassify E. nimipressuralis and E. amnigenus into Lelliottia gen. nov. as Lelliottia nimipressuralis comb. nov. and Lelliottia amnigena comb. nov., respectively, E. gergoviae and E. pyrinus into Pluralibacter gen. nov. as Pluralibacter gergoviae comb. nov. and Pluralibacter pyrinus comb. nov., respectively, E. cowanii, E. radicincitans, E. oryzae and E. arachidis into Kosakonia gen. nov. as Kosakonia cowanii comb. nov., Kosakonia radicincitans comb. nov., Kosakonia oryzae comb. nov. and Kosakonia arachidis comb. nov., respectively, and E. turicensis, E. helveticus and E. pulveris into Cronobacter as Cronobacter zurichensis nom. nov., Cronobacter helveticus comb. nov. and Cronobacter pulveris comb. nov., respectively, and emended description of the genera Enterobacter and Cronobacter. Syst Appl Microbiol 2013; 36:309-319. 🇿🇦 Oren A, Garrity GM. List of changes in taxonomic opinion no. 19. Notification of changes in taxonomic opinion previously published outside the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2014; 64:8-10.
    Notes:
    • ⊕ Emendation accompanied by the proposal of 3 new species in the genus.

• Notes:
  • 🚋 The type species of this genus has alternatively been placed in the genus "Cronobacter" Iversen et al. 2007. Publication: Iversen C, Lehner A, Mullane N, Bidlas E, Cleenwerck I, Marugg J, Fanning S, Stephan R, Joosten H. The taxonomy of Enterobacter sakazakii: proposal of a new genus Cronobacter gen. nov. and descriptions of Cronobacter sakazakii comb. nov. Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. sakazakii, comb. nov., Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. malonaticus subsp. nov., Cronobacter turicensis sp. nov., Cronobacter muytjensii sp. nov., Cronobacter dublinensis sp. nov. and Cronobacter genomospecies 1. BMC Evol Biol 2007; 7:64. 🇨🇭
  • 🚋 The type species of this genus has alternatively been placed in the genus Enterobacter Hormaeche and Edwards 1960 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Farmer Iii JJ, Asbury MA, Hickman FW, Brenner DJ, The E. Enterobacter sakazakii: a new species of "Enterobacteriaceae" isolated from clinical specimens. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1980; 30:569-584. 🇺🇸
  • 🙄 This taxon name is occasionally misprinted (or affected by an OCR error) in some sources as: "Chronobacter"; "Cromobacter"; "Cronoobacter".
  • 🧔 This taxon was discussed in a meeting of a Taxonomic Subcommittee of the ICSP. Publication: Holmes B, Farmer Iii JJ. International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Enterobacteriaceae. Minutes of the meetings, 7 August 2008, Istanbul, Turkey. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 2009; 59:2643-2645. 🇬🇧
  • 💁 Taxonomists who have recently focused on this group are the corresponding authors of Jackson et al. (2015), Stephan et al. (2014). Editors in search of reviewers are advised to consider additional criteria such as whether a taxon is covered by one of the ICSP subcommittees.
  • 🎰 The BRCs most frequently used for deposits in this group are: LMG: 10; DSM: 9; JCM: 5; CECT: 3; NCTC: 3; ATCC: 2; CIP: 2; NBRC: 1; NBIMCC: 1; CCUG: 1.
  • 😷 The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 2, note = "Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 2". — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
  • 🧍 Cronobacter Iversen et al. 2008 was previously known as "Cronobacter" Iversen et al. 2007. Publication: Iversen C, Lehner A, Mullane N, Bidlas E, Cleenwerck I, Marugg J, Fanning S, Stephan R, Joosten H. The taxonomy of Enterobacter sakazakii: proposal of a new genus Cronobacter gen. nov. and descriptions of Cronobacter sakazakii comb. nov. Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. sakazakii, comb. nov., Cronobacter sakazakii subsp. malonaticus subsp. nov., Cronobacter turicensis sp. nov., Cronobacter muytjensii sp. nov., Cronobacter dublinensis sp. nov. and Cronobacter genomospecies 1. BMC Evol Biol 2007; 7:64. 🇨🇭

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 7
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 10
Total number of child taxa: 11

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    "Candidatus Cronobacter colletis" Masood et al. 2014	inaccurate spelling	misspelling
    Cronobacter condimenti Joseph et al. 2012	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Cronobacter dublinensis Iversen et al. 2008	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Cronobacter helveticus (Stephan et al. 2007) Brady et al. 2013	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Cronobacter malonaticus Iversen et al. 2008	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Cronobacter muytjensii Iversen et al. 2008	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Cronobacter pulveris (Stephan et al. 2008) Brady et al. 2013	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Cronobacter sakazakii (Farmer et al. 1980) Iversen et al. 2008	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Cronobacter turicensis Iversen et al. 2008	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Cronobacter universalis Joseph et al. 2012	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Cronobacter zurichensis Brady et al. 2013	validly published under the ICNP	synonym

Parent taxon: Enterobacteriaceae Rahn 1937 (Approved Lists 1980)

Assigned by: Adeolu M, Alnajar S, Naushad S, S Gupta R. Genome-based phylogeny and taxonomy of the 'Enterobacteriales': proposal for Enterobacterales ord. nov. divided into the families Enterobacteriaceae, Erwiniaceae fam. nov., Pectobacteriaceae fam. nov., Yersiniaceae fam. nov., Hafniaceae fam. nov., Morganellaceae fam. nov., and Budviciaceae fam. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:5575-5599. 🇨🇦

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Record number: 517456