Name: "Spirochaetes" Garrity and Holt 2001

Category: Phylum

Proposed as: phyl. nov.

Etymology: Spi.ro.chae’tes. N.L. fem. pl. n. Spirochaetales, type order of the phylum, ending to denote a phylum; N.L. fem. pl. n. Spirochaetes, phylum of Spirochaetales (incorrect nominative plural of Spirochaeta)

Gender: feminine

Type class: "Spirochaetia" Cavalier-Smith 2020

Original publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.

Nomenclatural status: not validly published

Correct name: Spirochaetota Garrity and Holt 2021

• Synonyms:

  • Name	Kind
    "Spirochaetae" (Ehrenberg 1855) Cavalier-Smith 1998	heterotypic synonym, not validly published
    "Spirochaetae" Cavalier-Smith 2002	heterotypic synonym, not validly published
    Spirochaetota Garrity and Holt 2021	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
    "Spirochaetaeota" Oren et al. 2015	homotypic synonym, not validly published
    "Spirochaetota" Whitman et al. 2018	homotypic synonym, not validly published

• Notes:
  • Battistuzzi and Hedges (2009) assigned this phylum to the superphylum "Hydrobacteria" Battistuzzi and Hedges 2009. Publication: Battistuzzi FU, Hedges SB. A major clade of prokaryotes with ancient adaptations to life on land. Mol Biol Evol 2009; 26:335-343.
  • Boone et al. (2001) assigned this phylum to the domain "Bacteria" Woese et al. 1990. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • Luketa (2012) assigned this phylum to the kingdom "Hydrobacterida" Luketa 2012. Publication: Luketa S. New views on the megaclassification of life. Protistology 2012; 7:218-237.
  • Boone et al. (2001) assigned the class "Spirochaetes" to this phylum. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
  • Krieg et al. (2010) assigned the class Spirochaetia Paster 2020 to this phylum. Publication: Paster BJ. Class I. Spirochaetia class. nov. In: Krieg NR, Staley JT, Brown DR, Hedlund BP, Paster BJ (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. The Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes (Mollicutes), Acidobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Fusobacteria, Dictyoglomi, Gemmatimonadetes, Lentisphaerae, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae, and Planctomycetes, vol. 4, 2nd ed., Springer, New York, 2010, p. 471-563.
  • The type class of this phylum has alternatively been placed in the phylum "Spirochaetae" (Ehrenberg 1855) Cavalier-Smith 1998. Publication: Cavalier-Smith T, Chao EE. Multidomain ribosomal protein trees and the planctobacterial origin of neomura (eukaryotes, archaebacteria). Protoplasma 2020; 257:621-753.
  • This taxon name is occasionally misprinted in some sources as: "Sphirochaetes"; "Spiochaetes"; "Spirocbaetes"; "Spirochates"; "Spirochatetes"; "Spirochcetes"; "Spirochetes"; "Spirochietes"; "Spirochretes"; "Spirochsetes"; "Sprichoaetes"; "Spriochaetes"; "Spyrochaetes".
  • The e-mail address of the corresponding author given in the effective publication is not functional any more.

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Record number: 933