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Phylum "Spirochaetes"
Name: "Spirochaetes" Garrity and Holt 2001
Etymology: Spi.ro.chae’tes. N.L. fem. pl. n. Spirochaetales, type order of the phylum, ending to denote a phylum; N.L. fem. pl. n. Spirochaetes, phylum of Spirochaetales (inaccurate nominative plural of Spirochaeta)
Type class: "Spirochaetia" Cavalier-Smith 2020
Original publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
Nomenclatural status: not validly published
Taxonomic status: synonym (and no standing)
Correct name: Spirochaetota Garrity and Holt 2021
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Synonyms:
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Name Kind "Spirochaetota" Whitman et al. 2018 homotypic synonym, not validly published "Spirochaetaeota" Oren et al. 2015 homotypic synonym, not validly published "Spirochaetae" (Ehrenberg 1855) Cavalier-Smith 1998 heterotypic synonym, not validly published Spirochaetota Garrity and Holt 2021 homotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
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Notes:
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🧕 Battistuzzi and Hedges (2009) assigned this phylum to the superphylum "Hydrobacteria" Battistuzzi and Hedges 2009.
Publication:
Battistuzzi FU, Hedges SB. A major clade of prokaryotes with ancient adaptations to life on land. Mol Biol Evol 2009; 26:335-343.
- 🧕 Boone et al. (2001) assigned this phylum to the domain "Bacteria" Woese et al. 1990. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
- 🧕 Luketa (2012) assigned this phylum to the kingdom "Hydrobacterida" Luketa 2012. Publication: Luketa S. New views on the megaclassification of life. Protistology 2012; 7:218-237.
- 🧒 Boone et al. (2001) assigned the class "Spirochaetes" to this phylum. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
- 🧒 Boone et al. (2001) assigned the family Leptospiraceae Hovind-Hougen 1979 (Approved Lists 1980) to this phylum. Publication: Garrity GM, Holt JG. The Road Map to the Manual. In: Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, second edition, vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria), Springer-Verlag, New York, 2001, p. 119-166.
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🧒 Krieg et al. (2010) assigned the class Spirochaetia Paster 2020 to this phylum.
Publication:
Paster BJ. Class I. Spirochaetia class. nov. In: Krieg NR, Staley JT, Brown DR, Hedlund BP, Paster BJ, et al. (eds), Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. The Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, Tenericutes (Mollicutes), Acidobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Fusobacteria, Dictyoglomi, Gemmatimonadetes, Lentisphaerae, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae, and Planctomycetes, vol. 4, 2nd ed., Springer, New York, 2010, p. 471-563.
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🛺 The type class of this phylum has been placed in the phylum Spirochaetota Garrity and Holt 2021.
Publication:
Oren A, Garrity GM. Valid publication of the names of forty-two phyla of prokaryotes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71:5056.
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🚃 The type class of this phylum has alternatively been placed in the phylum "Spirochaetae" (Ehrenberg 1855) Cavalier-Smith 1998.
Publication:
Cavalier-Smith T, Chao EE. Multidomain ribosomal protein trees and the planctobacterial origin of neomura (eukaryotes, archaebacteria). Protoplasma 2020; 257:621-753.
- 🙄 This taxon name is occasionally misprinted (or affected by an OCR error) in some sources as: "Sphirochaetes"; "Spiochaetes"; "Spirocbaetes"; "Spirochates"; "Spirochatetes"; "Spirochcetes"; "Spirochetes"; "Spirochietes"; "Spirochmycetes"; "Spirochretes"; "Spirochsetes"; "Sprichoaetes"; "Spriochaetes"; "Spyrochaetes".
- 📧 The e-mail address of the corresponding author given in the effective publication is not functional any more.
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🧍 The formation of this name was discussed in Judicial Opinion 129.
Publication:
Arahal et al. Judicial Opinion No. 129. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2024; 74:6064.
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🧕 Battistuzzi and Hedges (2009) assigned this phylum to the superphylum "Hydrobacteria" Battistuzzi and Hedges 2009.
Publication:
Battistuzzi FU, Hedges SB. A major clade of prokaryotes with ancient adaptations to life on land. Mol Biol Evol 2009; 26:335-343.
Parent taxon: Pseudomonadati (Gibbons and Murray 1978) Oren and Göker 2024
Assigned by:
LPSN automated production system. The following publication is only one of the sources consulted.
It may or may not mention this taxon name. —
Goker M, Oren A. Valid publication of names of two domains and seven kingdoms of prokaryotes. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2024; 74:6242.
Linking: To permanently link to this page, use https://lpsn.dsmz.de/phylum/spirochaetesLink copied to clipboard
Record number: 933
This LPSN page was printed on 2025-07-19 12:30:11