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Species Paenibacillus azotofixans

Classification: 

Bacteria Bacillati Bacillota Bacilli Caryophanales Paenibacillaceae Paenibacillus Paenibacillus azotofixans

Name: Paenibacillus azotofixans (Seldin et al. 1984) Ash et al. 1994

Category, proposed as: species, comb. nov.

Basonym: Bacillus azotofixans Seldin et al. 1984

Etymology: a.zo.to.fi’xans. N.L. neut. n. azotum, nitrogen (from French n. azote); L. v. figo, to fix; N.L. pres. part. fixans, fixing; N.L. masc. part. adj. azotofixans, nitrogen-fixing

Pronunciation (Latin), gender: pa͡e-ni-ba-KIL-lus a-zo-to-FI-xans, masculine

Type strain: ATCC 35681; CIP 104586; DSM 5976; LMG 14658; P3L-5

Conduct genome-based taxonomy at tygs-logo

16S rRNA gene: X60608 Analysetree FASTA download

Effective publication: Ash C, Priest FG, Collins MD. Molecular identification of rRNA group 3 bacilli (Ash, Farrow, Wallbanks and Collins) using a PCR probe test. Proposal for the creation of a new genus Paenibacillus. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 1993; 64:253-260. 🇬🇧

IJSEM list: Anonymous. Validation list no. 52. Validation of publication of new names and new combinations previously effectively published outside the IJSB. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1995; 45:197-198.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name (and explicitly recommended for medical use)

Risk group: 1

  • Emendations:
    • Guella et al. 2019 Guella F, Porto RZ, Sant'Anna FH, Ambrosini A, Passaglia LMP. Genomic metrics analyses indicate that Paenibacillus azotofixans is not a later synonym of Paenibacillus durus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:2870-2876. 🇧🇷 Oren A, Garrity GM. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 69, part 9 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:3663-3665.
      Notes:
      • 🫂 Emendation accompanied by a proposal regarding the synonymy of the species.
  • Notes:
    • ⏲ According to Gülla et al. (2019), this species is not a later heterotypic synonym of Paenibacillus durus corrig. (Smith and Cato 1974) Collins et al. 1994. Publication: Guella F, Porto RZ, Sant'Anna FH, Ambrosini A, Passaglia LMP. Genomic metrics analyses indicate that Paenibacillus azotofixans is not a later synonym of Paenibacillus durus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:2870-2876. 🇧🇷
    • ⏲ According to Gülla et al. (2019), this species is not a later heterotypic synonym of Clostridium durum Smith and Cato 1974 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Guella F, Porto RZ, Sant'Anna FH, Ambrosini A, Passaglia LMP. Genomic metrics analyses indicate that Paenibacillus azotofixans is not a later synonym of Paenibacillus durus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:2870-2876. 🇧🇷
    • ⏲ According to Gülla et al. (2019), this species is not a later heterotypic synonym of Paenibacillus durum (Smith and Cato 1974) Collins et al. 1994. Publication: Guella F, Porto RZ, Sant'Anna FH, Ambrosini A, Passaglia LMP. Genomic metrics analyses indicate that Paenibacillus azotofixans is not a later synonym of Paenibacillus durus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:2870-2876. 🇧🇷
    • ⏲ According to Judicial-Commission (2003), this species is a later heterotypic synonym of Paenibacillus durus corrig. (Smith and Cato 1974) Collins et al. 1994. Publication: Judicial C. Paenibacillus durus (Collins et al. 1994, formerly Clostridium durum Smith and Cato 1974) has priority over Paenibacillus azotofixans (Seldin et al. 1984). Opinion 73. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:931. 🇩🇪
    • ⏲ According to Judicial-Commission (2003), this species is a later heterotypic synonym of Clostridium durum Smith and Cato 1974 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Judicial C. Paenibacillus durus (Collins et al. 1994, formerly Clostridium durum Smith and Cato 1974) has priority over Paenibacillus azotofixans (Seldin et al. 1984). Opinion 73. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:931. 🇩🇪
    • ⏲ According to Judicial-Commission (2003), this species is a later heterotypic synonym of Paenibacillus durum (Smith and Cato 1974) Collins et al. 1994. Publication: Judicial C. Paenibacillus durus (Collins et al. 1994, formerly Clostridium durum Smith and Cato 1974) has priority over Paenibacillus azotofixans (Seldin et al. 1984). Opinion 73. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2003; 53:931. 🇩🇪
    • 🏢 Synonymy of this taxon was mentioned in an IJSEM list. Publication: Oren A, Garrity GM. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 69, part 9 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:3663-3665.
    • 🧬 The phylogenomic assignment score of this taxon is 0.04353 (N = 13).
    • 😷 The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No". — The risk group for Swiss Confederation has been imported on 2024-02-01. The full classification is: risk group = 1. — The risk group for Germany has been imported on 2026-08-13. The full classification is: risk group = 1. — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
    • 🎓 Name mentioned 18 times in PubMed until 2026-06-11.
    • 🙆 This name is on the List of Recommended Names for bacteria of medical importance (LoRN) as the name to be applied to this species. The name is on LoRN because of the recorded risk group of the genus.
    • 🧍 Phenotypic studies and genomic studies show that Paenibacillus durus corrig. (Smith and Cato 1974) Collins et al. 1994 and Paenibacillus azotofixans (Seldin et al. 1984) Ash et al. 1994 form a homogeneous group. Therefore, the names Paenibacillus durus and Paenibacillus azotofixans should be considered synonyms. The name Paenibacillus durus corrig. (Smith and Cato 1974) Collins et al. 1994 has priority over the name Paenibacillus azotofixans (Seldin et al. 1984) Ash et al. 1994. However, Rosado et al. 1997, propose that the species Paenibacillus durus should be included in Paenibacillus azotofixans and that Paenibacillus durus should be eliminated as a separate species. Publication: Collins MD, Lawson PA, Willems A, Cordoba JJ, Fernandez-Garayzabal J, Garcia P, Cai J, Hippe H, Farrow JA. The phylogeny of the genus Clostridium: proposal of five new genera and eleven new species combinations. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1994; 44:812-826. 🇬🇧
    • 🧍 Paenibacillus azotofixans (Seldin et al. 1984) Ash et al. 1994 includes the species Paenibacillus durus corrig. (Smith and Cato 1974) Collins et al. 1994. — 🧍 This species, listed in the Validation List no. 52 (Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1995, 45, 197-198.), was inadvertently omitted from Validation List no. 51 (Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1994, 44, 852.); the effective date of validation is that of List no. 51 (October 1994). Publication: Rosado AS, van Elsas JD, Seldin L. Reclassification of Paenibacillus durum (formerly Clostridium durum Smith and Cato 1974) Collins et al. 1994 as a member of the species P. azotofixans (formerly Bacillus azotofixans Seldin et al. 1984) Ash et al. 1994. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1997; 47:569-572. 🇧🇷
    • 🧍 See also: Publication: Logan NA, Heyndrickx M, Berkeley RCW, De Vos P. Paenibacillus azotofixans (Seldin et al. 1984) Ash et al. 1995 does not have priority over Paenibacillus durum (Smith and Cato 1974) Collins et al. 1994: request for an opinion. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1998; 48:325-326. 🇬🇧
    • 🧍 This species, listed in the Validation List no. 52 (Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1995, 45, 197-198.), was inadvertently omitted from Validation List no. 51 (Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1994, 44, 852.); the effective date of validation is that of list no. 51 (October 1994). Publication: Erratum. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1995; 45:201.

Parent taxon: Paenibacillus Ash et al. 1994

Assigned by: Ash C, Priest FG, Collins MD. Molecular identification of rRNA group 3 bacilli (Ash, Farrow, Wallbanks and Collins) using a PCR probe test. Proposal for the creation of a new genus Paenibacillus. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 1993; 64:253-260. 🇬🇧

Linking: To permanently link to this page, use https://doi.org/10.83108/rn.779051Link copied to clipboard

Record number: 779051

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