Species ***Streptomyces* *violaceus***

Name: Streptomyces violaceus (Rossi Doria 1891) Waksman 1953 (Approved Lists 1980)

Category: Species

Proposed as: comb. nov.

Basonym: "Streptotrix violacea" Rossi Doria 1891

Etymology: vi.o.la’ce.us. L. masc. adj. violaceus, violet colored, referring to the color of the vegetative mycelium and diffusible pigment of the organism

Pronunciation (Latin), gender: … wi-o-LA-ke-us, masculine

Type strain: ATCC 15888; ATCC 25515; BCRC 11880; CBS 657.69; CCRC 11880; CCT 4833; CECT 3235; CECT 8814; CGMCC 4.1456; CGMCC 4.1802; DSM 40082; IFO 13103; IMET 43085; INMI 1; ISP 5082; JCM 4533; KCC S-533; LMG 19360; LMG 20257; NBRC 13103; NRRL B-2869; NRRL ISP-5082; RIA 1295; RIA 656; VKM Ac-510; VKM Ac-977

Conduct genome-based taxonomy at

16S rRNA gene: AJ781755 Analyse FASTA

Effective publication: Waksman SA, Lechevalier HA. Guide to the Classification and Identification of the Actinomycetes and their Antibiotics. The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1953.

IJSEM list: Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name (and explicitly recommended for medical use)

Risk group: 1

Synonyms:

Name	Kind
"Streptotrix violacea" Rossi Doria 1891	homotypic synonym, not validly published, basonym of name in Approved Lists
"Actinomyces janthinus" Artamonova and Krassilnikov 1960	heterotypic synonym, not validly published, basonym of name in Approved Lists
Streptomyces janthinus (Artamonova and Krassilnikov 1960) Pridham 1970 (Approved Lists 1980)	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP
"Actinomyces violatus" Artamonova and Krassilnikov 1960	heterotypic synonym, not validly published, basonym of name in Approved Lists
Streptomyces violatus (Artamonova and Krassilnikov 1960) Pridham 1970 (Approved Lists 1980)	heterotypic synonym, validly published under the ICNP

Emendations:
- Lanoot et al. 2002 Lanoot B, Vancanneyt M, Cleenwerck I, Wang L, Li W, Liu Z, Swings J. The search for synonyms among streptomycetes by using SDS-PAGE of whole-cell proteins. Emendation of the species Streptomyces aurantiacus, Streptomyces cacaoi subsp. cacaoi, Streptomyces caeruleus and Streptomyces violaceus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2002; 52:823-829. 🇧🇪 Anonymous. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 52, part 3 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2002; 52:1077-1079.
  Notes:
  - 📧 The e-mail address of the corresponding author given in the associated publication is not functional any more.
  - 🫂 Emendation accompanied by a proposal regarding the synonymy of the species.
  - 🧍 In the paper by Lanoot et al. 2002, the LMG type strain is erroneously cited as LMG 19360.
  - 🧍 In the table of contents for the May 2002 issue of the IJSEM, the title of the paper by Lanoot et al. 2002 is erroneously cited as "The search for synonyms among streptomycetes by using SDS-PAGE of whole-cell proteins. Emendation of the species Streptomyces aurantiacus, Streptomyces cacaoi subsp. cacaoi, Streptomyces caeruleus and Streptomyces violatus (sic)".
- Long et al. 2024 Long PL, Wang YF, Fu L, Xiao Y, Tang SG, Gao J. Reclassification of Streptomyces violarus (Artamonova and Krassilnikov 1960) Pridham 1970 as a Later Heterotypic Synonym of Streptomyces violaceus (Rossi Doria 1891) Waksman 1953 using a Polyphasic Approach. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:292. 🇨🇳 Oren A, Göker M. List of changes in taxonomic opinion no. 42. Notification of changes in taxonomic opinion previously published outside the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2025; 75:6793.
- Li et al. 2025 Li K, Qian Y, Li B, Liang W. Proposal of Streptomyces janthinus (Artamonova and Krassilnikov 1960) Pridham 1970 (Approved Lists 1980) as a later heterotypic synonym of Streptomyces violaceus (Rossi Doria 1891) Waksman 1953 (Approved Lists 1980) and an emended description of Streptomyces violaceus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2025; 75:6892. 🇨🇳 Oren A, Göker M. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 75, part 9 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2025; 75:6967.
  Notes:
  - 🫂 Emendation accompanied by a proposal regarding the synonymy of the species.

Notes:
- ⏰ According to Lanoot et al. (2002), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of "Actinomyces violatus" Artamonova and Krassilnikov 1960. Publication: Lanoot B, Vancanneyt M, Cleenwerck I, Wang L, Li W, Liu Z, Swings J. The search for synonyms among streptomycetes by using SDS-PAGE of whole-cell proteins. Emendation of the species Streptomyces aurantiacus, Streptomyces cacaoi subsp. cacaoi, Streptomyces caeruleus and Streptomyces violaceus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2002; 52:823-829. 🇧🇪
- ⏰ According to Lanoot et al. (2002), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptomyces violatus (Artamonova and Krassilnikov 1960) Pridham 1970 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Lanoot B, Vancanneyt M, Cleenwerck I, Wang L, Li W, Liu Z, Swings J. The search for synonyms among streptomycetes by using SDS-PAGE of whole-cell proteins. Emendation of the species Streptomyces aurantiacus, Streptomyces cacaoi subsp. cacaoi, Streptomyces caeruleus and Streptomyces violaceus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2002; 52:823-829. 🇧🇪
- ⏰ According to Li et al. (2025), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of "Actinomyces janthinus" Artamonova and Krassilnikov 1960. Publication: Li K, Qian Y, Li B, Liang W. Proposal of Streptomyces janthinus (Artamonova and Krassilnikov 1960) Pridham 1970 (Approved Lists 1980) as a later heterotypic synonym of Streptomyces violaceus (Rossi Doria 1891) Waksman 1953 (Approved Lists 1980) and an emended description of Streptomyces violaceus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2025; 75:6892. 🇨🇳
- ⏰ According to Li et al. (2025), this species is an earlier heterotypic synonym of Streptomyces janthinus (Artamonova and Krassilnikov 1960) Pridham 1970 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Li K, Qian Y, Li B, Liang W. Proposal of Streptomyces janthinus (Artamonova and Krassilnikov 1960) Pridham 1970 (Approved Lists 1980) as a later heterotypic synonym of Streptomyces violaceus (Rossi Doria 1891) Waksman 1953 (Approved Lists 1980) and an emended description of Streptomyces violaceus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2025; 75:6892. 🇨🇳
- ✏ The authority of the taxon name (Waksman) deliberately differs from the authors of the publication (Waksman and Lechevalier).
- 😷 The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 1". — The risk group for Swiss Confederation has been imported on 2024-02-01. The full classification is: risk group = 1. — The risk group for Germany has been imported on 2023-10-29. The full classification is: risk group = 1. — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
- 🎓 Name mentioned 38 times in PubMed until 2025-06-04.
- 🙆 This name is on the List of Recommended Names for bacteria of medical importance (LoRN) as the name to be applied to this species. The name is on LoRN because of the recorded risk group of the genus.

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 0
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 0
Total number of child taxa: 2

Child taxa:

Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
"Streptomyces violaceus subsp. violaceus" (Rossi Doria 1891) Long et al. 2024	not validly published	synonym of its species
"Streptomyces violaceus subsp. violarus" (Artamonova and Krassilnikov 1960) Long et al. 2024	not validly published	synonym

Parent taxon: Streptomyces Waksman and Henrici 1943 (Approved Lists 1980)

Assigned by: Waksman SA, Lechevalier HA. Guide to the Classification and Identification of the Actinomycetes and their Antibiotics. The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1953.

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Record number: 782112

This LPSN page was printed on 2026-03-14 14:33:37

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Species Streptomyces violaceus

Species ***Streptomyces* *violaceus***