Name: Acetobacter Beijerinck 1898 (Approved Lists 1980)

Category: Genus

Proposed as: gen. nov.

Etymology: A.ce.to.bac’ter. L. neut. n. acetum, vinegar; N.L. masc. n. bacter, rod; N.L. masc. n. Acetobacter, vinegar rod

Gender, pronunciation (Latin): masculine (stem: Acetobacter-), a-ke-to-BAK-ter

Type species: Acetobacter aceti (Pasteur 1864) Beijerinck 1898 (Approved Lists 1980)

Conduct genome-based taxonomy of genus at TYGS

16S rRNA gene: Analyse FASTA

Effective publication: Beijerinck MW. Über die Arten der Essigbakterien. Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene, Abteilung II 1898; 4:209-216.

IJSEM list: Skerman VBD, McGowan V, Sneath PHA. Approved lists of bacterial names. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1980; 30:225-420.

Nomenclatural status: validly published under the ICNP

Taxonomic status: correct name

Risk group: 1

• Notes:
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the family Acetobacteraceae (ex Henrici 1939) Gillis and De Ley 1980. Publication: Gillis M, De Ley J. Intra- and intergeneric similarities of the ribosomal ribonucleic acid cistrons of Acetobacter and Gluconobacter. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1980; 30:7-27. 🇧🇪
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the order Acetobacterales Chuvochina et al. 2024. Publication: Chuvochina M, Mussig AJ, Chaumeil PA, Skarshewski A, Rinke C, Parks DH, Hugenholtz P. Proposal of names for 329 higher rank taxa defined in the Genome Taxonomy Database under two prokaryotic codes. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2023; 0:0. 🇦🇺
  • 🥇 Nomenclatural type of the tribe Acetobactereae Pribram 1929 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Pribram E. A CONTRIBUTION TO THE CLASSIFICATION OF MICROORGANISMS. J Bacteriol 1929; 18:361-394.
  • 🧕 Bergey et al. (1923) assigned this genus to the tribe "Nitrobactereae". Publication: Bergey DH, Harrison FC, Breed RS, Hammer BW, Huntoon FM. Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 1st ed. The Williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore, 1923.
  • 🧕 Breed et al. (1948) assigned this genus to the tribe Pseudomonadeae Kluyver and Van Niel 1936 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Burkholder WH. Genus I. Pseudomonas Migula. Bacterial plant pathogens. In: Breed RS, Murray EGD, Hitchens AP (eds), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 6th ed., The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1948, p. 82-150.
  • 🧕 Breed et al. (1957) assigned this genus to the family Pseudomonadaceae Winslow et al. 1917 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Parker CD. Genus V. Thiobacillus Beijerinck 1904. In: Breed RS, Murray EGD, Smith NR (eds), Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 7th edition, The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1957, p. 83-88.
  • 🧕 Chuvochina et al. (2023) assigned this genus to the order Acetobacterales Chuvochina et al. 2024. Publication: Chuvochina M, Mussig AJ, Chaumeil PA, Skarshewski A, Rinke C, Parks DH, Hugenholtz P. Proposal of names for 329 higher rank taxa defined in the Genome Taxonomy Database under two prokaryotic codes. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2023; 0:0. 🇦🇺
  • 🧕 Pribram (1929) assigned this genus to the tribe Acetobactereae Pribram 1929 (Approved Lists 1980). Publication: Pribram E. A CONTRIBUTION TO THE CLASSIFICATION OF MICROORGANISMS. J Bacteriol 1929; 18:361-394.
  • 🧕 Winslow et al. (1920) assigned this genus to the tribe "Nitrobactereae". Publication: Winslow CE, Broadhurst J, Buchanan RE, Krumwiede C, Rogers LA, Smith GH. The Families and Genera of the Bacteria: Final Report of the Committee of the Society of American Bacteriologists on Characterization and Classification of Bacterial Types. J Bacteriol 1920; 5:191-229.
  • 🧒 Yamada and Kondo (1984) assigned the subgenus Gluconoacetobacter Yamada and Kondo 1985 to this genus. Publication: Yamada Y, Kondo K. Gluconoacetobacter, a new subgenus comprising the acetate-oxidizing acetic acid bacteria with ubiquinone-10 in the genus Acetobacter. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 1984; 30:297-303. 🇯🇵
  • 🧒 Yamada and Kondo (1984) assigned the subgenus Acetobacter (Beijerinck 1898) Yamada and Kondo 1985 to this genus. Publication: Yamada Y, Kondo K. Gluconoacetobacter, a new subgenus comprising the acetate-oxidizing acetic acid bacteria with ubiquinone-10 in the genus Acetobacter. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 1984; 30:297-303. 🇯🇵
  • 🚋 The type species of this genus has alternatively been placed in the genus [Mycoderma]. Publication: Pasteur L. Mémoire sur la fermentation acétique. Annales Scientifiques de l'École Normale Supérieure Paris 1864; 1:113-158.
  • 🙄 This taxon name is occasionally misprinted (or affected by an OCR error) in some sources as: "Accitobacter"; "Acclobacter"; "Acctobacter"; "Aceaobacter"; "Acecobacter"; "Acefobacter"; "Acelobacler"; "Acelobacter"; "Acembacter"; "Acerobacter"; "Acetabacter"; "Acetobaceer"; "Acetobactev"; "Acetobactor"; "Acetobaczer"; "Acetobaefer"; "Acetobocter"; "Acetobucter"; "Acetohacter"; "Acetohocter"; "Acetohucter"; "Acetotobacter"; "Acetubacter"; "Acewbacter"; "Acezobacter"; "Acotobacter"; "Aeelobacter"; "Aeetobacter"; "Aeezobacter"; "Aetobacter"; "Autobacter". — 🤨 This taxon name is occasionally used in plural form as: "Acetobacteria".
  • 💁 Taxonomists who have recently focused on this group are the corresponding authors of Baek et al. (2020), Lisdiyanti et al. (2001), Cleenwerck et al. (2010), Yukphan et al. (2021), Lisdiyanti et al. (2006). Editors in search of reviewers are advised to consider additional criteria such as whether a taxon is covered by one of the ICSP subcommittees.
  • 🎰 The BRCs most frequently used for deposits in this group are: LMG: 52; DSM: 38; NBRC: 24; JCM: 23; ATCC: 20; NCIMB: 20; IFO: 20; CIP: 17; NCCB: 14; CCUG: 11.
  • 😷 The risk group for Canada has been imported on 2024-02-27. The full classification is: risk group = 1, note = "default: 1 Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 1; acet. Xylinus: 1 Animal classification RG: 1 - Security sensitive biological agent: No - Terrestrial animal pathogen under Canadian Food Inspection Agency authority: No - Containment level: Containment Level 1". — If in doubt, use the risk group given in the regulations for your country and, if these are not available, use the risk group given in the catalogue of the culture collection from which you have obtained or intend to obtain the strain.
  • 🧍 Subsequently, this genus has been divided into two subgenera: Acetobacter (subgen. Acetobacter Beijerinck 1898) and Acetobacter (subgen. Gluconoacetobacter Yamada and Kondo 1985). Publication: Yamada Y, Kondo K. Gluconoacetobacter, a new subgenus comprising the acetate-oxidizing acetic acid bacteria with ubiquinone-10 in the genus Acetobacter. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 1984; 30:297-303. 🇯🇵
  • 🧍 The Index Bergeyana includes the following comment: Beijerinck used the vernacular name azijnbacterien for the acetic bacteria. Apparently at some time before 1900 the vernacular name was rendered into neo-latin as Acetobacter and finally used in publication. There is no record of its formal proposal as a genus. Kluyver 1940, 132, states: "... It is surprising that neither Beijerinck nor Hoyer proposed in their publications the creation of a new genus for the acetic bacteria ... There can be no doubt that, in any case morally, but probably also according to the code of Botanical Nomenclature, Beijerinck is to be considered as the author of the genus Acetobacter as it occurs today ...". On 01 January 1980, the Approved Lists of Bacterial Names followed the Kluyver's opinion, and they cited the genus name Acetobacter as Acetobacter Beijerinck 1898. Publication: Buchanan RE, Holt JG, Lessel Jr. EF. Index Bergeyana. The Williams & Wilkins Co., Baltimore, 1966.

Subdivision:

Number of child taxa with a validly published and correct name: 35
Number of child taxa with a validly published name, including synonyms: 47
Total number of child taxa: 66

• Child taxa:

  • Name	Nomenclatural status	Taxonomic status
    Acetobacter aceti (Pasteur 1864) Beijerinck 1898 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Acetobacter acidummucosum" Tosic and Walker 1950	not validly published	preferred name
    Acetobacter ascendens (Henneberg 1898) Hördt et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP, illegitimate name	synonym
    Acetobacter ascendens (Henneberg 1898) Kim et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Acetobacter aurantium" Kondô and Ameyama 1958	inaccurate spelling	misspelling
    "Acetobacter aurantius" corrig. Kondô and Ameyama 1958	not validly published	synonym
    Acetobacter cerevisiae Cleenwerck et al. 2002	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter cibinongensis Lisdiyanti et al. 2002	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter conturbans Sombolestani et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter diazotrophicus Gillis et al. 1989	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    "Acetobacter diversum" Humm 1946	not validly published	preferred name
    "Acetobacter estunense" Carr 1958	not validly published, basonym of name in Approved Lists	synonym
    Acetobacter estunensis (Carr 1958) Lisdiyanti et al. 2001	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter europaeus Sievers et al. 1992	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Acetobacter fabarum Cleenwerck et al. 2008	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter fallax Sombolestani et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter farinalis Tanasupawat et al. 2011	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter garciniae Yukphan et al. 2021	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Acetobacter ghanaensis" Camu et al. 2007	not validly published	preferred name
    Acetobacter ghanensis Cleenwerck et al. 2007	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Acetobacter gluconicum" (Hermann 1928) Kelly 1948	not validly published	preferred name
    Acetobacter hansenii Gosselé et al. 1983	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Acetobacter indonesiensis Lisdiyanti et al. 2001	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter intermedius Boesch et al. 1998	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Acetobacter lambici Spitaels et al. 2014	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter liquefaciens (Asai 1935) Gosselé et al. 1983	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Acetobacter liquefaciens (Asai 1935) Yamada and Tahara 1984	validly published under the ICNP, illegitimate name	synonym
    "Acetobacter lovaniense" Frateur 1950	not validly published, basonym of name in Approved Lists	synonym
    Acetobacter lovaniensis (Frateur 1950) Lisdiyanti et al. 2001	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter malorum Cleenwerck et al. 2002	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Acetobacter melanogenus" Beijerinck 1911	not validly published, basonym of name in Approved Lists	synonym
    "Acetobacter mesoxydans" Frateur 1950	not validly published	preferred name
    Acetobacter methanolicus Uhlig et al. 1986	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Acetobacter musti Ferrer et al. 2016	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter nitrogenifigens Dutta and Gachhui 2006	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter oboediens Sokollek et al. 1998	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Acetobacter oeni Silva et al. 2006	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter okinawensis Iino et al. 2013	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter orientalis Lisdiyanti et al. 2002	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter orleanensis (Henneberg 1906) Lisdiyanti et al. 2001	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter oryzifermentans Kim et al. 2019	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter oryzoeni Baek et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter papayae Iino et al. 2013	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Acetobacter paradoxum" Frateur 1950	not validly published, basonym of name in Approved Lists	synonym
    "Acetobacter paradoxus" (Frateur 1950) Hördt et al. 2020	not validly published	synonym
    Acetobacter pasteurianus (Hansen 1879) Beijerinck and Folpmers 1916 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter peroxydans Visser't Hooft 1925 (Approved Lists 1980)	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Acetobacter persici corrig. Iino et al. 2013	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter persicus Iino et al. 2013	inaccurate spelling	misspelling
    "Acetobacter polyoxogenes" Entani et al. 1985	not validly published	preferred name
    Acetobacter pomorum Sokollek et al. 1998	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Acetobacter potens" Humm 1946	not validly published	preferred name
    Acetobacter sacchari Vu et al. 2020	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter senegalensis Ndoye et al. 2007	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter sicerae Li et al. 2014	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    "Acetobacter singulare" Humm 1946	not validly published	preferred name
    "Acetobacter suboxydans" Kluyver and de Leeuw 1924	not validly published, basonym of name in Approved Lists	synonym
    Acetobacter suratthanensis Pitiwittayakul et al. 2016	inaccurate spelling	misspelling
    Acetobacter suratthaniensis corrig. Pitiwittayakul et al. 2016	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter syzygii Lisdiyanti et al. 2002	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter thailandicus Pitiwittayakul et al. 2016	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter tropicalis Lisdiyanti et al. 2001	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter vaccinii Heo et al. 2022	validly published under the ICNP	correct name
    Acetobacter xylinum (Brown 1886) Yamada 1984	inaccurate spelling	misspelling
    Acetobacter xylinus corrig. (Brown 1886) Yamada 1984	validly published under the ICNP	synonym
    Acetobacter zythi Bongaerts et al. 2026	validly published under the ICNP	correct name

Parent taxon: Acetobacteraceae (ex Henrici 1939) Gillis and De Ley 1980

Assigned by: Gillis M, De Ley J. Intra- and intergeneric similarities of the ribosomal ribonucleic acid cistrons of Acetobacter and Gluconobacter. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1980; 30:7-27. 🇧🇪

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Record number: 514991